Transcript Assignment 2 workshop (The muscular system)

Assignment 2 workshop
(The muscular system)
Using muscles

Muscle fatigue


Muscle atrophy


When your using your muscles a lot and they don’t get
enough oxygen, they become tired or FATIGUED.
If you don’t use your muscles enough they become
smaller and wasted, this is called MUSCLE ATROPHY.
Cramp

A sudden contraction of a muscles that wont relax,
caused by a lack of blood supply to the muscle.
The purpose of tendons

Tendons are formed
at the end of the
muscles and attach
the muscle to the
bone allowing the
body to move.
The purpose of ligaments

Ligaments are
designed to support
joints by attaching
to both bones
making the joint
secure during
twisting and
stretching
movements during
sport.
Types of muscle contraction

Isometric contraction


Muscle stays the length, its like trying to move
an immoveable object.
Isotonic contraction

When the muscles move and (become shorter
and longer) just like weight lifting.
DIFFERENT WAYS THAT MUSCLES
CONTRACT
Muscles cannot “push” they can only “pull”. This
is called a MUSCLE CONTRACTION.
There are a number of different ways that a
muscle can contract:
1. ISOTONIC CONTRACTIONS
2.ISOMETRIC CONTRACTIONS
3. ISOKINETIC CONTRACTIONS
ISOTONIC CONTRACTIONWhen the muscle both contracts and works
over a range of movement.
Isotonic contractions
The movement is
called isotonic
because the muscle
is contracting.
 When the muscle
contracts it is called
CONSENTRIC
 When the muscle is
straightened it is
called ECCENTRIC

ISOMETRIC CONTRACTIONWhen the muscle contracts but stays in a
fixed position, neither shortening or
lengthening.
Isometric contractions

This is when the
muscle contracts but
there is no
movement.
ISOKINETIC CONTRACTION –
When your muscle contracts at constant
speed. For this you need specialist machinery.
Warm-up questions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
What is isotonic contraction?
What is isometric contraction?
What type of contraction do you use when
you run, pull the rope during tug-of-war?
What athlete may benefit from isometric
training?
Give two advantages of isotonic training.