Transcript intercalated discs - Garnet Valley School District

p. 917 of text
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Countercurrent Flow in Fishes
http://greatneck.k12.ny.us:16080/GNPS/SHS/dept/science/krauz/marino_bio_notes/Osteichthyes_files/ima
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Figure 49.17 Structure and function of the human ear p. 1091
Muscle types
• Cardiac –under involuntary control, has
striations and intercalated discs to speed
up signal between muscle fibers to help all
fibers contract together.
• Skeletal –under voluntary control and has
striations. Attaches to bones through
tendons.
• Smooth – under involuntary
control/contraction, not striated and lines
blood vessels and digestive organs.
•
Figure 49.31 The structure of skeletal muscle
Figure 49.33 One hypothesis for how myosin-actin interactions generate the force for
muscle contraction (Layer 4) p. 1105 in text
Figure 49.32 The sliding-filament model of muscle contraction p. 1104
Figure 49.34 Hypothetical mechanism for the control of muscle contraction p. 1106
Figure 44.21 The human excretory system at four size scales p. 962
Figure 44.22 The nephron and collecting duct: regional functions of the transport
epithelium
p. 903
p. 902
Number of heart chambers in
vertebrates p. 901
p. 919
Respiratory system in vertebrates
• Alveoli – increase SA for gas exchange
• Most carbon dioxide is transported as
bicarbonate (HCO3-)
• You take a breath by responding to HIGH
carbon dioxide levels that results in low
blood pH. The “breathing center”of your
brain that responds to this is in the medulla.
Peristalsis occurs here – this is
involuntary smooth muscle
contraction to move food.
Liver MAKES bile
All groups of organic
compounds are digested and
absorbed here!
Bacteria produce
vitamins
• Digestive
• System