Transcript Bones, Muscles, and Skin

Bones, Muscles, and Skin - Body Organization and Homeostasis
Organs and Organ Systems
Each organ in your body is part of an organ system, which is
a group of organs that work together to perform a major
function.
Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Skeletal System
What the Skeletal System Does
Your skeleton has five major
functions. It provides shape and
support, enables you to move,
protects your organs, produces
blood cells, and stores minerals
and other materials until your body
needs them.
Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Skeletal System
Joints of the Skeleton
A joint is a place in the body where two bones come together.
Joints allow bones to move in different ways.
Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Skeletal System
Bones—Strong and Living
Bones are complex living structures that undergo growth and
development.
Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Skeletal System
Asking Questions
Before you read, preview the red headings. In a graphic
organizer like the one below, ask a what or how question for
each heading. As you read, write answers to your questions.
Question
Answer
What does the skeleton do?
The skeleton provides shape and support, helps
you to move, protects organs, produces blood
cells, and stores minerals and other materials.
Joints can move forward or backward,
in a circle, in a rotating motion, and in a
gliding motion.
How do joints move?
How strong are bones?
Bones can absorb more force without
breaking than granite or concrete.
What can I do to care for my bones?
Eat a well balanced diet and get
plenty of exercise.
Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Muscular System
Muscles at Work
Because muscle cells can only contract, not extend, skeletal
muscles must work in pairs. While one muscle contracts, the
other muscle in the pair relaxes to its original length.
Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Muscular System
Previewing Visuals
When you preview, you look ahead at the material to be
read. Preview Figure 15. Then, in a graphic organizer like the
one below, write three questions that you have about the
diagram. As you read, answer your questions.
Types of Muscle
Q. How does skeletal muscle help my body move?
A. Skeletal muscles are attached to the ends of bones and provide the
force to move them.
Q. Where is smooth muscle found?
A. The inside of many internal organs
Q. Why is cardiac muscle considered a special type?
A. It is found only in the heart; it is like smooth muscle because it is
involuntary and like skeletal muscle because it is striated.
Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Muscular System
Skeletal Muscles
Click the Video button to watch a movie
about skeletal muscles.
Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Muscular System
More on Muscle Types
Click the PHSchool.com button for an activity
about muscle types.
Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Skin
The Epidermis
The skin is organized into two main layers: the epidermis and
the dermis.
Bones, Muscles, and Skin - The Skin
Identifying Main Ideas
As you read the section titled “The Body’s Tough Covering,”
write the main idea—the biggest or most important idea—in a
graphic organizer like the one below. Then write five
supporting details. The supporting details give examples of
the main idea.
Main Idea
The skin has several important functions.
Detail
The skin forms a
barrier against
disease-causing
microorganisms
and loss of
fluids.
Detail
The skin helps
the body
maintain a
steady
temperature.
Detail
Detail
The skin helps
to eliminate
wastes through
perspiration.
The skin
contains nerves
that gather
information
about the
environment.
Detail
Skin cells
produce
vitamin D that
helps your
body absorb
calcium.
Bones, Muscles, and Skin
Graphic Organizer
Muscles
can be
Smooth
muscles
Involuntary
muscles
Voluntary
muscles
include
include
Cardiac
muscles
Skeletal
muscles