Transcript Sexually Transmitted Diseases Sexually Transmitted

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Sexually transmitted diseases are infections
spread from person to person through sexual
contact.
Sexually transmitted infections are
communicable diseases that can be easily
transmitted from one person to another.
Some STD’s are bacterial and can be cured
other STD’s are viral and incurable.
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Asymptomatic: individuals showing no
symptoms or the symptoms are mild and
disappear after the onset of the infection.
Females are more likely to suffer
complications from STD’s and the effects are
more serious in females than males.
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HPV (human papilloma virus),
Chlamydia
Herpes (genital)
Gonorrhea
Trichomoniasis
Syphilis
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Human Papilloma Virus: 100 kinds of viruses.
More than 30 are transmitted through sexual
contact. Close to 6 million in U.S. are infected
with HPV each year. Some HPV infections if
not diagnosed and treated could result in an
abnormal Pap test or could result in cervical
cancer.
A vaccine is now available for protection HPV.
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Bacterial infection that affects the
reproductive organs of both males and
females. About 2.8 million Americans
contact chlamydia each year, affecting young
females three times more often than males.
Less than half of all cases are reported.
Chlamydia is still the most common STD
among teens.
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Females can develop PID (Pelvic Infammatory
Disease) which could lead to infertility in both
males and females if untreated.
Females with Chlamydia are up to 5 times
more likely to become infected with HIV if
exposed to the virus.
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In the U.S. 45 million people ages 12 and
older have contracted genital herpes.
Many people are asymptomatic and are not
aware they have the infection. The first
outbreak is the most severe.
Antiviral treatments can lesson the frequency
of outbreaks but there is NO CURE for genital
herpes.
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Bacterial STD that affects mucous
membranes. Gonorrhea is the second most
commonly reported infectious disease in the
U.S.
More than 700,000 Americans are infected
with gonorrhea each year, but only half of
these are reported.
Many males are asymptomatic and females
show only mild symptoms.
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Left untreated can cause severe health
problems such as infertility.
The bacteria can spread to the bloodstream
and cause permanent damage to the body’s
joints.
Females can pass the infection to the babies
during childbirth and cause blindness.
Silver Nitrate are eyedrops put in the eyes of
newborns.
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Microscopic protozoan that results in
infections of the vagina, urethra, and bladder.
About 7.4 million new cases occur each year
in the U.S.
May not produce many symptoms. Females
often experience vaginitis. Females are more
likely to contract HIV if exposed to it.
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Syphilis is an infection caused by a small
bacterium called a spirochete which attacks
many parts of the body.
Syphilis progresses through 3 Stages. Stage
one sore called Chancre appears and heals.
Stage two is severe rash, fever, and other
symptoms. Stage three is when damage is to
the internal organs such as brain, heart, and
causes death.
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Embarressment or Fear to seek medical help.
Lack of Symptoms: Many are Asymptomatic
and unaware they have a disease.
Misinformation: If symptoms disappear
without treatment, the infected person may
think the disease is cured.
Notification policies: State laws require
health care providers to report certain but not
all STD’s.
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Antibiotics: Chemical agents that destroy
disease –causing microorganisms.
The STD’s that antibiotics aid are Chlamydia,
Gonorrhea, and Syphilis. (Bacterial STD’s).
HPV and HIV/AIDS, and Herpes are incurable
and have no antibiotics to cure these STD’s.
The only method that is 100% successful in
preventing STD’s is Abstinence.
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Practice Abstinence
Stay away from alcohol and drugs.
Respect yourself
Learn the facts about STD’s and use those
facts to make good decisions.
Choose friends who influence you in a
positive way.
Go out as a group.
Be aware of your emotions.
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a
virus that attacks the immune system.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
(AIDS) a disease in which the immune system
is weakened.
12 million people who have HIV/AIDS are in
the 15-24 age group.
Half of all new HIV infections are among
young people.
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1. Sex: HIV can enter the bloodstream
through microscopic openings in tissue.
People with STD’s are more vulnerable to
HIV infection because STD’s cause changes in
the body’s membranes.
By sharing Needles: Contaminated
From mother to baby during birth or breast
feeding.
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HIV attacks the body’s immune system by
destroying lymphocytes. These are
specialized white blood cells that support the
immune system.
Helper T-cells stimulate B cells to produce
antibodies, which help destroy pathogens
that enter the body.
When HIV enters the cells, it destroys the cell.
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1. HIV attaches to cell surface
2. Virus core enters cell and goes to nucleus.
3. Virus makes a copy of its genetic material.
4. New virus assembles at cell surface
5. New virus breaks away from host cell.
Symptomatic Stage: Helper T cells fall to 200
to 400 per milliliter of blood. Flu like
symptoms, fever, swollen glands, rashes,
weight loss, and headaches.
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AIDS Stage: Helper T Cells drop to 200 or one
or more AIDS opportunistic illnesses are
present.
Is it safe to Give Blood? Health care
professionals always use sterile needles to
draw blood. All donated blood has been
tested since 1985. The U.S. supply of blood is
one of the safest in the world.
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Practice Abstinence
Do not share needles
Avoid situations where drugs and alcohol use
could compromise your decision making.
Use refusal skills when you feel pressured to
engage in risky behavior.
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I can explain why STD’s are dangerous to my
health.
I can categorize each STD with symptoms
and long term effects.
I can identify the percentage increase of
STD’s in the last ten years and explain the 5
reasons why.
I can define Abstinence and create Guidelines
based on information from the Text.
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I can list 4 ways to avoid high risk behaviors
and STD’s.
I can develop and assemble (create) a chart of
6 or more STD’s diagnosis and treatments.
I can determine the best way not to get an
STD.
I can explain the HPV (Human Papilloma
Virus) vaccine and why it is recommended.
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I can define HIV and AIDS.
I can identify how HIV/AIDS is transmitted.
I can explain how HIV/AIDS affects the
immune system.
I can write down 4 ways to prevent getting
HIV/AIDS.