Transcript Bloodborne Pathogens Training - Ruan Transportation Management

Bloodborne Pathogens
Bloodborne Pathogens InThe Workplace
This training is designed to provide a basic
understanding of bloodborne pathogens, common
routes of entry, methods of prevention, and other
pertinent information.
Agenda
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What are Bloodborne Pathogens
Where are They Found
What is Hepatitis
A Closer Look At Hepatitis and HIV
Routes Of Entry
Protecting Yourself
Should I Help An Injured Worker
What If I Am Exposed
Misconceptions
Response Kits
What Are Bloodborne
Pathogens?
Microorganisms in the bloodstream that can cause disease.
Bloodborne Pathogens primarily attack the liver; however, they may
attribute to many other diseases such as malaria and syphilis.
Where Are They Found?
Blood and potentially infectious materials In blood
and blood products to include:
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Semen
Vaginal Secretions
Breast Milk
Cerebrospinal Fluid
Synovial Fluid
Amniotic Fluid
and other body fluids
A Closer Look at Hepatitis and HIV
Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E and HIV
Hepatitis A (HAV) - 47% of Hepatitis cases
Hepatitis B (HBV) - 34% of Hepatitis cases
Hepatitis C (HCV) - 16% of Hepatitis cases
Hepatitis D (HDV) - 4% of Hepatitis HBV cases (co-infection)
Hepatitis E (HEV) - Rarely reported in the United States
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) - 0.4% chance of contracting HIV in a
workplace environment.
Source - CDC, Acute Viral Hepatitis, by Type, United States, 1982-1993
What Is Hepatitis?
An inflammation of the liver, usually due to acute viral infection,
primarily of the liver, occurring in three or more forms.
For example: Symptoms of Hepatitis B (HBV)
+ Yellow Eyes & Skin (Jaundice)
+ Abdominal pain
+ Fever and Vomiting
+ Dark Urine
+ Fatigue
Hepatitis A (HAV)
Transmitted via contaminated food or water which contains
fecal matter. There is a vaccine to prevent HAV.
Two types HAV + Infectious (transmitted person to person by the fecal-oral
route) or
+ Serum (transmitted by transfusion of blood products)
Hepatitis B (HBV)
Transmitted by injections transporting a virus-bearing serum,
most often during blood transfusions and by contaminated
needles and syringes.
+ Hepatitis B is transmitted primarily through "blood to blood" contact.
+ Hepatitis B virus is very durable, and it can survive in dried blood for
up to seven days. This virus is the primary concern for
housekeepers, custodians, laundry personnel and other employees
who may come in contact with blood or potentially infectious
materials in a non first-aid or medical care situation.
Hepatitis C (HCV)
Transmitted in blood or body fluids. No vaccination exists for HCV.
Chronic liver disease develops in about 70% of persons who become
infected with HCV and nearly all (85%-100%) persons with acute HCV
infection become persistently infected; these persons are at risk for
developing cirrhosis and liver cancer
Hepatitis D (HDV)
One of the newer types. Transmitted primarily through injected drug use
and sexual contact.
Prevention:
+ Education to reduce risk behaviors for those with chronic HBV infection
Hepatitis E (HEV)
+ Transmitted in contaminated drinking water.
+ Most cases in U.S. are from persons returning from areas with
high exposure.
+ Currently no treatment for HEV.
Symptoms of acute hepatitis E are similar to those of other types
of viral hepatitis and include:
+ abdominal pain,
+ anorexia
+ dark urine
+ fever
+ hepatomegal,
+ jaundice
+ malaise
+ nausea
+ vomiting
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
The virus that causes AIDS. HIV attacks the immune system, making
the body less able to fight off infections. No vaccine exist, and most
cases prove fatal.
It is primarily of concern to employees providing first aid or
medical care in situations involving fresh blood or other
potentially infectious materials. It is estimated that the chances
of contracting HIV in a workplace environment are only 0.4%.
Because it is such a devastating disease, all
precautions must be taken to avoid exposure.
How Can A Bloodborne
Disease Be Transmitted In the
Workplace?
Bloodborne pathogens such as HBV and HIV can be transmitted
through contact with infected human blood and other potentially
infectious body fluids ….
People infected with these pathogens may
appear healthy and not even know they’re
infected. They can still infect others.
Although HBV, HCV and HIV are mainly
transmitted through sexual contact and sharing
needles, any situation in which blood is present
in the work environment is an area of concern.
Routes Of Entry
Blood or other infectious material could enter your system through these
routes of entry:
+ Unprotected opening in the skin
+ Unprotected mucus membrane openings
+ Penetration of the skin
Mishaps in the workplace can spread bloodborne pathogens.
Depending on the mishap, an injured worker’s blood could contaminate
broken glass, a work surface, tools or clothing. If you have contact with
a contaminated object, you could become infected.
Accidental puncture from contaminated needles and other sharps can
result in transmission of bloodborne pathogens.
Protecting Yourself
+ Wear Gloves
If contact with blood, other body fluids or contaminated object is likely, always
wear gloves. Remember, gloves may not protect you when picking up sharp
objects such as needles or broken glass. Pick up broken glass with tongs or
use a broom and dustpan.
+ Wash your Hands
After removing gloves, ensure you wash thoroughly.
+ Protect your Face
Wear a mask and eye protection or a full face shield if fluids could splash or
spray into your eyes, nose or mouth.
+ Protect your Body
Wear an apron or gown if fluids could splash or drip onto your clothing. If fluid
penetrates the apron or gown change it as soon as possible.
Protecting Yourself Continued
+ Protect your Mouth
Use a resuscitation device or pocket resuscitation mask when providing rescue
breathing.
+ Cleaning Spills
Wipe up spilled blood or other body fluids with disposable towels soaked in an
approved disinfectant or bleach and water solution (wear gloves).
Should I Help An
Injured Worker?
“Universal Precautions” Can Help You LIVE!!!
“Universal precautions” mean always treating everyone’s blood and
other body fluids as infectious. This precaution is governed by the
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Bloodborne Pathogen Standard 1910.1030 applies to any worker
potentially exposed to BBP.
Bloodborne Pathogen Response Kits
+ Clean-up kits are located by all First Aid Stations.
+ They contain all protective items needed to clean up area where
blood or body fluids are present.
+ Know the location of the response kits for your work center.
NOTE: The kits are identified with the wording
“Bloodborne Pathogen Response Kit”.
What If I’m Exposed?
If you are inadvertently exposed to blood or other bodily fluids:
1. Wash the exposed area immediately with soap and running water
for 20 minutes.
2. If cut by an item which has blood on it, try to save the item for
contamination testing.
3. Promptly report the incident to your supervisor.
4. Seek medical attention during normal duty hours.
5. During non-duty hours, seek medical attention at the nearest
emergency room.
Misconceptions
The increasing incidence of AIDS has caused fears
that have developed into misconceptions. HIV cannot
be passed on by casual contact. Therefore, you
cannot get HIV by:
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Sharing food, drinking glasses or towels
From sinks or toilets
Sharing PPE such as goggles or respirators
Insect bites such as mosquitoes
Proper hygiene practices, such as disinfecting a respirator after use
should be a standard work practice.
There is no documented evidence showing HIV having been
transmitted through dried blood; however, HBV can be.
Thank you for Your Attention
HAVE A SAFE DAY
QUESTIONS?
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