Transcript Immunologic Diseases and Conditions

Chapter 9
Diseases of the Gastrointestinal
System
Structure and Function
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Tongue, salivary glands, parotid glands
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach (fundus, body)
Pylorus (pyloric sphincter)
Liver, gallbladder
Pancreas
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Structure and Function
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Small intestines (duodenum, jejunum,
ileum)
Large intestines (colon – Appendix,
cecum, ascending, transverse,
descending)
Rectum
Anus
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Terms
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Peristalsis
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Bile
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Regurgitate
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Prolapse
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Common Signs and Symptoms
of GI disease or disorder
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Vomiting
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Diarrhea
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Constipation
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Hemorrhoids
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Signs and Symptoms
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Stomatitis – rednesss, ulcers, bleeding
Oral cancer – Abnormal growths, sores,
lesions that do not heal
Esophagitis – Chest pain (heartburn)
Hiatal hernia – Indigestion, heartburn, acid
reflux, esophagitis
Gastritis – Stomach pain, hematemesis
Peptic ulcer – Upper abdominal pain,
hemorrhage, blood in stool
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Chronic atrophic gastritis - gastritis, poor
digestion, poor absorption of nutrients,
weight loss
Gastroenteritis – nausea, vomiting,
diarrhea, abdominal pain, possible fever
Appendicitis – Acute lower right quadrant
pain, nausea, fever
Diverticulitis – Cramping and pain in lower
abdomen
Crohn’s disease – Lower right pain,
diarrhea and constipation, emission and
exacerbation, weight loss, melena
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Irritable bowel syndrome – Diarrhea, pain,
gas, constipation
Dysentery – Abdominal pain, bloody
diarrhea with pus and mucus
Viral hepatitis A (infectious hepatitis)Anorexia, nausea, mild fever, jaundice, enlarged
tender liver
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Hepatitis B – 2-6 month incubation followed by
Hep A symptoms, may lead to chronic Hepatitis
and cirrhosis
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Hepatitis C – As for A and B, following
incubation of months to decades, commonly
resulting in cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease
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Hepatitis D – Same as for B, more serious,
frequently leads to chronic liver diseases
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Hepatitis E – As Hep A
Cirrhosis – Jaundice, abdominal
distention, ascites (fluid in cavity),
bleeding tendencies, edema,
malabsorption of fats, gynecomastia,
delerium tremens, hepatic coma
Cholecystitis – upper right pain, nausea,
indigestion, belching
Cholelithiasis – None – or upper right pain
following a meal
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Pancreatitis – Acute, sever, sharp
radiating abdominal pain, risk of
hemorrhage, jaundice, vomiting,
malabsorption
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