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Introduction to Microbiology
Chapter 1
I. Objectives
Why
microbiology?
What
is a microbe?
How
did we learn all this?
II. Why microbiology
A.
Microbes rule!
– They are everywhere and shape our visible
world
– They have widest range of diversity
– They have adapted to survive in extremely
wide range of environments
B. Why is microbiology important?
III. What are microbes?
A.
Domains
And. . .
Viruses
B. Structure of Microbes
1.
Prokaryotic
2. Eukaryotes
“eu”
“karyos”
C. Identification: structure vs
genetics
Bacterial
shape
Biochemistry
RNA/DNA
D. Classification
Linnaeus
– examples
» Escherichia coli
» Bacillus megaterium
» Streptococcus faecalis
IV. Origins:
Earth
formed
fossil prokaryotes
earliest fossil eukaryotes
animals
all present day life
V. Distribution:
Most
Soil
abundant organisms
content
Human
content
Absent?
Why are microbes so successful?
VI. Historical perspective
Three
Each
major epochs
marked by advances in methodology
A. Epoch 1:1660-1850
1.
Discovery
– Hooke
–
– Anton van Leeuwenhoek
2. How does life originate?
Redi
Needham
Spallanzani
B. Epoch 2: 1850-1930
1.
Ending the spontaneous generation
controversy
– Pasteur
2. Microbes as infectious disease
agents
Lister
Koch
and his postulates
Jenner
3. Golden Age of Microbiology:
late 1800s
Disease
agents
Transformation
matter
of organic and inorganic
C. Epoch 3: 1930s-present
Antimicrobial
Branching
agents
out of fields
And into the new millenium!
Disease
Research
Industry
Biotechnology