Transcript Chapter12_Immunity

Chapter 12
Immunity
US Cause of Death
• Early 1900 – infectious micro
killers
• Today- reduced deaths from
micros
–Immunization
–Nutrition
–Sanitation
Underdeveloped Countries
• Infectious disease
problem today
–Poverty
–Lack nutrition
Globally #1 Cause Death
• Infectious disease
–Protozoa
–worms
–Bacterial
–viral
US Rise Infectious
• Poverty
• Drugs
• Alcohol
• New strains viral and
bacterial
Pathogen
• Makes you sick
• Cause infections
Virus
• Non-living
• Must have host
• Reproduce/grow in host
Virus Types
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AIDS
Cold
Flu
Polio
Hepatitis
Mumps
Chicken pox
Bacterial
• Pneumonia
• Tuberculosis
• gonorrhea
Terms
• Communicable- person
to person
• Vector-animal to
person
Immune System Factors
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Nutrition
Exercise sleep
Stress
Genetics
Pre-exposed
Tuberculosis
• “Poverty Disease”
–Poor nutrition
–Sanitation
• Affects Lungs
Rise Infectious In Industrialized
• Global Travel
• Growth Cities
• Human sexuality
• Poverty increasing
• Drug use increasing
Infectious Disease Factors
• General health
• Sanitation
• Antibiotics
• Vaccines
Antibiotics
• Kill bacteria
• Not virus
• Bacterial mutations reduce
effectiveness
Body Defense
• Skin-1st
• Cilia
• Mucus membranes
• Cough/sneeze
• Platelets
• White blood cells
Cold/flu
• Many strains
• Susceptible to pneumonia
• Vaccines prepare for certain
yearly strain
Lyme Disease
• Bacteria in tick
• Need antibiotics
• Symptoms
–Fever, skin lesions, fatigue,
neurological, ache, stiff neck
Mononucleosis
• Viral
• Spread in saliva
• Adults develop immunity
• Rest is cure
Hepatitis
• Liver virus
• A-E mild
– Fecal to mouth transmission
• B,C,D chronic- leads to liver
cancer
– Needle, saliva, air
• A,B have vaccines
Immune Defense
• Antibodies-proteins fight
virus/bacteria
• Lymphatic system-filter
virus/bacteria
• T cells
– Helper T- identify pathogen
– Killer T- attack pathogens
– Suppressor T-memory cells
Vaccines
• Mumps
• Measles
• Polio
• Small pox
• Hepatitis
• Whooping cough
Allergies
• Immune attack pollen, mold,
dust, food, chemicals, drugs
• Produce antibodies
histamine
–Local blood flow increases
–Narrow air tubes
–rash
Asthma
• Genetic
• Psychosomatic
–Stress
–Emotions
• Bronchial dilators
–Corticosteroids
Autoimmune Disease
• Attack own tissue
• Unknown cause
Autoimmune Types
• Arthritis-attack bone,
cartilage
• Multiple sclerosis-attack
nerves
AIDS
• HIV Virus
• Low T cells
• Lives off T cells
• Blood to blood
transmission