Transcript Changgu, Changgi

Changgu
Changgo
Korean Hourglass Drum
Pronounced: “jango”
Geographic Region: East Asia
Country of origin: South Korea
Classification: Membranophone
Membranophone – any musical instrument which
produces sound primarily by way of a vibrating stretched
membrane
Alternate Names: Changgu, Changgi
History
There is very little historical knowledge of the Changgo
The Changgo was probably brought into Korea from
the Middle East and Central Asia by way of China
during the Koryo period (918-1392 A.D.)
The first manuscript is not recorded until 1076 where
it is described as a field instrument used presumably
during farming activities.
Construction
Body: wood (sometimes pottery, metal, ceramic, or plastic)
Hourglass shaped
Made of one piece of wood
In the past, it was sometimes made by conjoining two or three separated pieces
(bowl-shaped parts connected in the middle by a third module
The skins of the changgo are attached to its hollow body by a rope that is looped
alternately through the eight metal hooks around the rim of either head. The
tension of the drumheads of the changgo can be adjusted by moving leather straps
that encase the ensuing V-shape laces.
Larger changgos may measure over 60 cm (23-24 in) in length and have a diameter
of over 30 cm (11 to 12 in); smaller ones are approximately one third less.
Changgos used in court music were usually painted red, the royal color, while
changgos used in folk music are the natural wood color as they are rarely painted.
2 Drum Heads: animal skin
Gungpyon/Pukpyon (Left side)
Cowhide or deerhide (thicker)
Chaepyon/Yulpyon (Right side)
Doghide or horsehide (lighter)
Lower Tone/deep sound  yang (man)
Cowhide(thicker)
Played usually with the bare hand or mallet
Chaepyon/Yulpyon (Right side)
Higher Tone  Yin (woman)
horsehide(lighter)
Usually played with a bamboo stick
When both Gungpyon(yang) and Chaepyon(Yin) are played, it
represents the harmonious nature of man and woman.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fbw185e1jEo&feature=related
Facts
Most widely played of Korean instruments
Capable in producing very complex rhythms
the instrument that maintains the changdan (rhythm cycles),
the most important element upon which Korean music is
based and structured.
the most widely used accompaniment instrument in almost
every form of court and folk entertainment, music, and
dance, and shamanistic music.
Has become known as a "solo" instrument, gaining
popularity for the dynamism and virtuosic technique
required to play increasingly complicated rhythm patterns.
Notation
Traditionally, Korean percussion
instruments used a notational
system called the Chongganbo,
which can be traced back to the
fifteenth century.
This notation utilizes a column
of squares to represent a line of
music. These columns are called
haeng and each beat or square is
called a chonggan. The notation
is read from top to bottom.
Playing Technique
Court Music Style
Seated position on the floor
A thin bamboo stick is used to strike the chaepyon
(usually the right side) around the rim of the head,
while the gungpyon (left side) is struck in the center of
the head with the bare hand.
P'ungmul Nori Style
p'ungmul nori is traditionally an outdoor, open-space
activity, the changgo in such cases is tied to the player's
body, resting over one side of the hip with long pieces of
cloth slung over the shoulder and around the waist.
Okedo
•The Changgo has had a major
influence on Japanese rope-tuned
drums.
•The Okedo-daiko of Japan are very
likely descendents of Korean
traditional rope-tuned drums.
•Both the Changgo and Okedo have
heads sewn to circular rings, rope
tuning, and are often worn over the
shoulder for dancing during festivals.
•The main difference between the
Changgo and Okedo are their bodies.
•Okedo has a bucket body.
•the Changgo has an hourglass-
shaped body.
Video
Changgo
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mhyh4CYaxok
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJtQTyJsspk&feat
ure=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Srs6bJa0Y8
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cUdse-xhIwU
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oUTx7A4wAwU
Okedo
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sSi7PyJMj3A