Transcript EL CAMINO COLLEGE RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM

A “Radiologic Technologist”
(or Radiographer)
•
Medical Professional
– In a challenging field
•
Safely uses x-rays to image anatomy
– Positions
– Using sophisticated technology
– Practices radiation protection
• Provides quality-diagnostic images
– Assists DR
– Communicates with patient
– Practices patient privacy
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Registered Technologist
R.T.
• Dawn Charman, M.Ed., RT (R)(M), CRT(R)(F)
• Kelly Clark, M.S.R.T. RT (R)(CT), CRT(R)(F)
• Mina Colunga, B.S.R.T. RT (R), CRT(R)(F)
ARRT – R.T.
State of California– C.R.T.
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Radiologic Technologist
• ECC program is for an entry level into the profession
• Radiation Therapy and Nuclear Medicine would
require additional education
Certification/licenses
• ARRT- American Registry of Radiologic
Technologies
– Provides national certification
• CRT-- California Registered Technologist
– After completing ARRT exam you pay a fee and get your
California license to practice
– A separate test is taken for fluoroscopy
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Certification vs. License
• ARRT
– National certification
• R.T.
– Must take an exam
• Pass with 75%
– Can take this after
completing program
• CRT
– State Licensing
– Must pass ARRT
exam to get this
– Pay fee to get
radiography license
(R)
– Take fluoroscopy
exam and pay a fee
for (F) license
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EXAMS
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All types of
&
PEOPLE
Head to toes
Trauma
Special procedures
Critical patients
Walk ins
Surgery
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Infants
Elderly
All classes
All ethnicity
All backgrounds
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Radiologic Technologist
•Must be able to
communicate effectively with:
•Patients, staff, & peers
•Must use:
•good judgment
•Critical thinking skills
FIG. 4–2 Radiologic science professionals must use advanced critical thinking skills when handling all patient care situations. 6
Elsevier items and derived items © 2007, 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Critical Thinking
• Involves sound, professional
judgment
• Applied with high ethical
standard
• And integrity
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Critical Thinking
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Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation
Critique
• Achieved through
– Role Playing
– Lab experiments
– Case Studies
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Patient Communication
• Interacting with the patient
• Interacting with family and friends
• Methods of Effective Communication
• Age as a factor in Patient Interactions
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Communication & Adapting
to Special Condition Patients
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Traumatized Patients
Visually Impaired Patients
Speech and Hearing Impaired Patients
Non-English Speaking Patients
Mentally Impaired Patients
Substance Abusers
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Education in the Radiologic
Sciences at ECC
• Didactic Curriculum (lecture)
– Specifically describes the objectives
– What the students will learn
– How they will learn (instructional activities)
• Clinical
– Hospital training
– Apply didactic principals to clinical setting
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RT Programs
Didactic and Clinical Education
FIG. 5–1 The articulation of didactic, laboratory, and clinical instruction.
(From Ford C, ed: Clinical education for the allied health professions, St Louis, 1978, Mosby.)
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Types of
Diagnostic Exams
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Chest
Extremities
Skull/ Facial
Spine
Gastrointestinal
Interventional
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Some studies
of spinal
trauma have
recorded a
missed injury
rate as high
as 33%.
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Comminuted
Open
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ELDERLY
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INFANTS &
CHILDREN
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SURGERY
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Fluoroscopy
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TECHNOLOGIST
• FLUOROSCOPY
• Dawn Charman RT
(R), (F)
• CONTRAST
MEDIA (X-RAY
DYE)
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ARRT Standards
Accrediting Agencies
• JRCNMT
• Committee on Accreditation of Allied Health
Education Programs (CAAHEP)
– in collaboration with the Joint Review Committee on
Education in Diagnostic Medical Sonography (JRCDMS)
• Regional Institutional Accrediting Agencies
(degree-granting divisions) WSAC
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Accrediting Agencies
• SCHOOLS/PROGRAMS
• JRCERT: Joint Review Committee on
Education in Radiologic Technology
• HOSPITAL ACCREDITATION
• JCAHO :Joint Commission on
Accreditation of Healthcare (Hospital)
Organizations
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5 Primary Exams
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
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Post Primary
• CardiovascularInterventional Radiography
(CVIT)
– Note: No longer available for
new candidates
• Mammography (M)
• Computed Tomography(CT)
• Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (MR) or (MRI)
– Note: Both a primary and postprimary track
• Quality Management (QM)
• Sonography (US) or (RDMS)
– Note: Both a primary and postprimary track
• Bone Densitometry (BD)
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• Vascular Sonography
• Cardiac-Interventional
Radiography (CI)
• Vascular-Interventional
Radiography (VI)
• Breast Sonography
• Registered Radiologist
Assistant (RA)
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Beyond Diagnostic
Radiography
Advanced Modalities
MAMMOGRAPHY
Dawn Charman, RT (M)
RADIOGRAPHIC
IMAGING OF THE
BREAST
Diagnostic for breast cancer
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Bone Densitometry
“low dose
Radiation”
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BONE DENSITOMETRY
• JOE RUIZ, RT (R) (BD)
• POST PRIMARY EXAM BEGAN IN JANUARY
2001
• ??? May also have certification w/o RT ????
• MEASURING MINERAL CONTENT AND
DENSITY OF BONES
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CT SCAN & MRI
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Computed Tomography
• Jennifer Smith,
RT (R) (CT)
• 1995 began
post primary
exam
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CT SCANNER
• Uses
– Radiation
– Computer
• Rescontructs images
– Some in 3-D
FIG. 1–9 A computed tomographic technologist uses a computerized x-ray system to produce sectional anatomic images of 35
the body.
(Courtesy of Philips Medical Systems.)
C T SCANNER
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• RT (R) (MRI)
• RT (T) (MRI)
• (MRI)
• 1995 ARRT began
post primary
exams
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MRI SIGNAL PRODUCTION
• Uses
– Magnet field
– radio waves
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MRI SAFETY
1. Use non
magnetic
materials
2. Can cause harm
to patient or
employees
3. 1 reported death
from oxygen
tank
1. 6 years old
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RADIOGRAPHY VS MRI
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Which one is MRI? CT?
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Look for the signs….
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What are the differences
between MRI and CT?
CT
• Uses ionizing radiation
• Can be used on any
patient
• Fast
MRI
• Uses magnets and
radiowaves
• Cannot be used on
patients who have metal
in their body
• Slow
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Which is better?
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What are the similarities
between CT and MRI?
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Angiography
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ANGIOGRAPHY is a specialized radiographic
examination where the images of the blood
vessels of the body are demonstrated by injection
of contrast media
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INTERVENTIONAL
RADIOGRAPHY
1) CI:________________________
2) CVI:_______________________
3) VI:________________________
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CARDIAC-INTERVENTIONAL
RADIOGRAPHY
• Mike Smith, RT
(R) (CI)
• POST PRIMARY
EXAM BEGAN IN
JANUARY 2003
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Cardiovascular Interventional
Radiography
• Jane Smith, RT (R)
(CVI)
• Angiography
• 1991 began post
primary exam for
CVIT Radiographers
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Angiography of Heart vessels
• http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://w
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VASCULAR-INTERVENTIONAL
RADIOGRAPHY
• JOE CAR, RT (R) (VI)
• POST PRIMARY
EXAM BEGAN IN
JANUARY 2003
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NUCLEAR
MEDICINE
use radioactive
isotopes to make
images
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Nuclear Medicine
• RT (NM)
• ARRT or NMTCB
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NM – Images collected after
injections of a RADIOISOTOPE
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The tracer travels into the blood
vessels until it arrives to the
bone
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PET Scan & SPECT Scan
• PET = Positron Emission
Tomography
• SPECT= Single Photon Emission
Computed Tomography
• X-rays/MRI with Radioisotopes
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• PET Scan showing diffuse spread of prostate
cancer to bone. PET has the advantage over
traditional bone scanning in its ability to
differentiate active from dormant disease.
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Prostate cancer metastasized
in bones
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Co-registration:
PET + CT or MRI
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RADIATION
THERAPY
R.T.(T)
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2 YRS ADDITIONAL EDUCATION
CITY OF HOPE
LLU
CAL STATE LONG BEACH
• The branch of Radiology that involves the
treatment of disease by means of high energy
x-rays or radioactive substances
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RADIATION THERAPY
• branch of Radiology
that involves the
treatment of disease
by means of high
energy x-rays
(GAMMA) or
radioactive
substances
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Radiation Therapy
• RT (T) = Registered technologist
in radiation therapy technology
• Medical dosimetrists are involved
in treatment planning and dose
calculations
• 1-4 year program
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ULTRASOUND
uses a technique similar to Navy SONAR to produce diagnostic images.
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ULTRASOUND
Cypress College
Orange Coast
LLU
1 – 2 years
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Diagnostic Medical Sonographers
• RT (R) (S) or RT (S)
or (RDMS)
• American Registry of
Diagnostic Medical
Sonographers
• ARRT in 1999 began
post primary exam
• ARRT in 2005 began
primary exam
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Ultrasound beam is transmitted
and reflected –
as special crystal at the end of
the transducer can
determine the type of tissue
Determines depth
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Uses SOUND WAVES (NOT X-RAYS)
“real time” images
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ULTRASOUND
uses a technique similar to
Navy SONAR to produce
diagnostic images.
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19 Week fetus
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2D vs. 3D/4D
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U/S & the “real thing”
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Breast Sonography
• Post Primary Exam
• Valuable for
Technologists that
specialize in
Mammography
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VASCULAR ULTRASOUND
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New - RA
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Radiology Assistant (Like PA)
Weber State (On line – Utah)
LLU
3 others in US (2007 – more)
$$$$ NEW GRADS = 100 K/YEAR (?)
PART OF RADIOLOGIST GROUP
As of 2007 – NOT APPROVED BY STATE
to Work as RA in California
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Additional Opportunities
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Education
Administration
Management (QM)
Commercial
Radiologist
Assistant = RA
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RADIOLOGY ASSISTANT RA
• LLU
• 2 YRS RT
• BA DEGREE
• WEBER STATE
• 6YR RT
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OTHER PATHWAYS
• SALES
• APPLICATIONS SPECIALIST
• INDUSTRIAL X-RAY
• MANAGEMENT (DEGREE)
• EDUCATON
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TRAVELING TECHNOLOGIST =
SEE THE WORLD AND GET $$$
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Other working opportunities…
• Registry (local)
• Registry (out of
state)
• X rays taken
around the world !!
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Variety of Work Settings
• physicians offices,
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• clinical outpatient facilities,
• free standing imaging centers,
• mobile imaging centers
• portable services to rehabs
• Mammo’s to under privileged
areas
• Urgent care
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SALARY RANGES RT’s
• NEW R.T. = $ 25 -$38 PER HOUR
• ON-CALL + O.T. $45,000 – $60,000 YR
• ADVANCE SPECIALTIES
• $ 30 - $50 PER HOUR
• A GREAT SHORTAGE IN ALL HEALTH CARE
– A GREAT NEED TO AQUIRE NEW
TECHNOLOGIST TO THIS AREA
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Professional Organizations
• ASRT – American Society of Radiologic
Technologist
• CSRT – California Society
Society of Radiologic Technologists
• RTEC – Radiologic Technology Educators of
California
• International Societies, other state societies,
other modalities
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