Transcript Chap -23

Read first half of Chap 23 with
focus on the learning objectives
as you read. Complete Vitamin
practice activity.
Chap -23 Nutrition & Metabolism
Learning Objectives, Part 1:
1.
Explain the “crisis in America” regarding diet and lifestyle.
2.
Understand the major groups of nutrients and be able to give
numerous examples of each.
3.
Explain food pyramid & the balance of daily nutrient intakes.
4.
Distinguish between simple and complex carbohydrates. And explain
the benefits of a diet high in complex carbohydrate.
5.
Explain the glycemic index.
6.
Differentiate between complete and incomplete proteins.
7.
Describe the different lipids. Explain the healthiest of these.
8.
Identify the basic vitamins and their importance.
The Crisis in America
• Diabetes is at epidemic levels (especially
in children)
• Obesity is very common (the rule rather
than the exception in America)
• Heart disease is the no. 1 killer
• Cancer rates continue to climb
Nutritional Updates
• What are some of the best foods to
include in your diet?
http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=7930521533265873196&q=nutrition+in+america&total=217&start=10&nu
m=10&so=0&type=search&plindex=7
Basic Nutrients
• Can you name some foods that are mostly
carbohydrates?
How about mostly made of protein?
Lipids?
USDA Food Pyramid
How does your diet compare?
How Much To Eat?
• Daily recommendations:
____ g carbohydrate ( ____ g fiber)
____ g lipids ( ____ g fatty acids and ___
g cholesterol or less)
________________ g protein
Aren’t All Carbs Created The Same?
• Carbohydrates are considered _______ or _______
based upon their chemical structure.
- Both types contain four calories per gram, and both
are digested into a blood sugar called glucose.
• Simple carbohydrates are digested ________. Many
simple carbohydrates contain refined sugars and few
essential vitamins and minerals. Examples include
fruits, fruit juice, milk, yogurt, honey, syrup and
sugar.
• Complex carbohydrates take ______ to digest and
are usually packed with fiber, vitamins and minerals.
Examples are green vegetables, whole grain breads,
whole grain cereals, beans/legumes and whole grain
pasta.
Discussion
• Why Do Whole Grain Products Take
Longer To Digest?
Why Eat Complex Carbs?
• Provide _____ (needed for colon health
here in America)
• Proven to reduce blood _______ levels
(can help prevent the onset of Type II
diabetes which is now an epidemic in our
society)
Carbohydrate Influence on Blood Glucose
Glycemic Index – the effect carbs have on blood sugar levels
Glycemic Index & Food continued
Low(er) Glycemic Foods
• ______ rice
• _______ grain breads
& sourdough
• Whole wheat pasta
• Whole grain crackers
• Slow cooked hot
cereals
• Berries & grapefruit
• Nuts
• Cheese
High Glycemic Foods
- Refined flour products
such as white bread,
regular crackers, regular
pasta, white rice
- Tropical fruits such as
______, papaya, mango,
pineapple
- Candy and sugary
snacks
A Closer Look at Proteins
• Not all proteins are created equal!
• ________ proteins meet all the body’s amino
acid requirements for tissue maintenance and
growth. Best sources are animal products such
as eggs, milk, fish, and most meats.
• _________ proteins are low in one or more
amino acids. While still good sources of protein,
you need more than just these (i.e.,legumes,
nuts, and cereals)
Lipids 101
• We need lipids (fats) in our diet. Not all lipids are
bad for you. But they certainly are not created
equal!
• _________ fats such as hydrogenated oils,
margarine, solid shortenings, palm oil, and
coconut oil are the ones to completely avoid.
• _________ fats such as butter should be used in
small amounts.
• _________ fats such as vegetable oil, sunflower
oil, safflower oil, peanut oil, and olive oil are the
healthiest
Q – Why is unsaturated the best for our bodies?
Small Group Activity: Weight Loss in America
Instructions: Work with 3-4 people
• You’ll need a separate piece of paper dedicated
for this activity. On the top ½ of the paper, create
a section called , “Brainstorming”. On the bottom
half, divide the paper into 3 columns labeled:
“Incorporates a Balanced Healthy Diet”, “Does
Not Incorporate a Balanced Healthy Diet”, and
“Unsure”.
• Designate one person as the recorder and one
as spokesperson
• You’ll have approx. 10 minutes to prepare. Then,
each group will send a spokesperson to the front
of the room to share their information with the
class
Brainstorming:
Healthy
Not
Healthy
Unsure
What do we do?
First, brainstorm all the various weight loss diets that you have heard
about. After you have exhausted your ideas, look at each one you came
up with. Write next to each one what you know about the ‘diet’. Finally,
on the bottom half of your paper, categorize each weight loss program
into one of the 3 categories: “Incorporates a Balanced Healthy Diet”,
“Does Not Incorporate a Balanced Healthy Diet”, and “Unsure”.
Two Main Types of Vitamins
• ______-soluble (__ and __-complex are
absorbed along with water form the GI
tract)
• ____-soluble (__, __, __, and __) bind to
ingested lipids and are absorbed along
with their digestion products
Getting To Know Your Vitamins Better
Instructions: This is an individual practice
activity to be completed as ‘homework’.
You may use Table 23.2 as a reference.
*To be presented in class
We will discuss at the opening of next
class. Please have it finished & ready to
“grade”.
And yes, you need to know your vitamins for the next test.