Transcript A and P lesson 7x - Calthorpe Park Moodle

GCSE
PE
Lesson 8: Anatomy
and Physiology
Learning
Challenges
➔ Identify the components of the
cardiovascular system
➔ Describe the heart, blood vessels and
blood
➔ Explain how the heart works as a
double pump to transport blood
around the body
➔ Apply your understanding of the
respiratory system to explain how the
cardio-respiratory system supports
exercise
Starter: Write
any questions
that you have
about the CV
system on the
board
Components of the CV system
Blood
Cardiovascular
system
Heart
Blood
vessels
The heart
Function
The heart is a
muscle that pumps
blood around the
body. It transports
oxygen to the body
and transports CO2
away from the body.
Oxygenated blood:
Lungs – heart –
body
Deoxygenated
blood:
Body – heart – lungs
Heart rate:
The number of times
your heart beats in
one minute. One
heartbeat is a
contraction and
relaxation
Exam tip
The heart is often
called a double
pump as it has two
circuits that
transport
oxygenated blood
and deoxygenated
blood.
Thick
muscular
walls and
small
diameter
Blood vessels
Pulse can be
found in
arteries
Arteries
Transport
blood away
from heart
Carry
oxygenated
blood (except
pulmonary
artery
Blood vessels
Thinner walls
and larger
diameter
Veins have
valves to
prevent
backflow
Veins
Transport
blood to heart
Carry
deoxygenated
blood (except
pulmonary vein
Blood vessels
Walls are one
cell thick (very
thin)
Oxygenated
blood becomes
deoxygenated
and vice versa
Capillaries
Link arteries to
veins
Oxygen and
carbon dioxide
pass through
during
gaseous
exchange
Blood
Cardiac cycle and blood pressure
When you measured your blood pressure last
week, you were shown two readings
The systolic phase occurs when the heart
contracts and squeezes blood into the arteries.
Eg. 120/80
This causes high pressure in the arteries, hence
the higher figure on your blood pressure reading
The top figure is the systolic measurement
The bottom figure is the diastolic measurement
The diastolic phase occurs when the heart
relaxes and its chambers fill with blood.
This results in lower pressure in the arteries,
hence the lower reading on your blood pressure
reading.
One contraction and relaxation of the heart is
known as a cardiac cycle
Key terms
Deoxygenated blood
Blood containing a low concentration of oxygen
Oxygenated blood
Blood containing a high concentration of oxygen
Heart rate
The number of times your heart beats in one minute. One heart beat is one contraction
and one relaxation of the heart. Heart rate is measured in beats per minute (bpm).
Pulse
The rhythmic throbbing that you can feel as your arteries pump blood around the body.
You can measure your heartrate using your pulse.
Backflow
The flowing backwards of blood. Valves in the veins prevent backflow.
Diastole
The phase of the heartbeat when the chambers of the heart relax and fill with blood.
Systole
The phase of the heartbeat when the chambers of the heart contract and empty of
blood; when blood is ejected from the heart.
Cardiac cycle
One cycle of diastole and systole is one cardiac cycle.
Blood pressure
The pressure that blood is under. The systolic reading measures the pressure the blood
is under when the heart contracts. The diastolic reading measures the pressure the
blood is under when the heart relaxes.
Plenary
Answer a question on
the board
Learning
Challenges
➔
Identify the components of the
cardiovascular system
➔
Describe the heart, blood vessels and
blood
➔
Explain how the heart works as a
double pump to transport blood
around the body
➔
Apply your understanding of the
respiratory system to explain how the
cardio-respiratory system supports
exercise
Home Learning
● Fifth person in the register (Cameron)
add the key terms to the Moodle
glossary
● Read pages 22-23 of the textbook
(scanned on Moodle)
● Complete worksheet 1.16
● Complete activity 10a and 10b on
p.23 of the textbook