Transcript PPT Nutrition and the effects on human development

Nutrition
Lesson Objectives - To learn why our bodies need food - To learn about the
different nutrients and vitamins our bodies require
Why do we need food?
We need to eat food for lots of different reasons:
For energy to live, move and survive
To grow, and to repair damaged cells and tissues in our
body
To keep warm
To prevent diseases
Lesson Objectives - To learn why our bodies need food - To learn about the
different nutrients and vitamins our bodies require
Variety
Balance
Lesson Objectives - To learn why our bodies need food - To learn about the
different nutrients and vitamins our bodies require
Energy (calories)
Energy comes from the fat, carbohydrate, protein and
alcohol that food and drink contains.
Found in all food in differing amounts
Different people need different amounts of energy.
Energy is needed by the body to stay alive,
grow, keep warm and be active
Protein
Protein is needed for growth and repair of the body
It is also a source of energy. 1gram of protein provides 4 kcal
Different foods contain different amounts and
combinations of amino acids
(the building blocks of proteins).
The amount of protein we need changes during
a lifetime
The main sources include meat, fish, eggs, milk,
cheese, cereals and cereal products
(e.g. bread), nuts and pulses (peas, beans and lentils).
.
Fat
Fat provides energy; 1 gram provides 37 kJ (9 kcal).
All fats contain both saturated and unsaturated
fatty acids but are sometimes described as ‘saturated’
or ‘unsaturated’ according to the proportions of fatty
acids present
Butter is often described as a ‘saturated fat’,
while most vegetable oils are described as ‘unsaturated fats’
Fat provides essential fatty acids.
It is a carrier of fat-soluble A, D, E and K and is necessary
for them to be absorbed in to the body
Fat is needed for health but only in small amounts.
No more than about one third of our energy intake should come
from fat.
.
Carbohydrates
There are 2 main groups of carbohydrate - starch and sugars
The main sources of carbohydrate include starchy foods,
such as cereal, pulses and potatoes and foods and drinks
containing sugars such as milk, fruits and vegetables, jam,
confectionery, table sugar and some soft drinks.
Sugars are called simple carbohydrates.
They are called simple because your body digests them
quickly and easily.
Starchy Carbohydrates are called Complex carbohydrates.
These carbohydrates take longer to be digested than simple
carbohydrates do.
Carbohydrates provide a source of energy -Glucose, Glycogen
Vitamins
Vitamins are needed in very small amounts for many of the
processes carried out in the body
Vitamins are found in small amounts in many foods and can
be put into two groups:Fat soluble vitamins and Water soluble vitamins
Fibre
Dietary fibre is found in cereal foods, beans, lentils,
fruit & vegetables
Dietary fibre is not digested by the body.
It is the parts you cannot eat of fruit, vegetables, cereals,
beans and pulses
Fibre is important as it adds bulk to the diet and this helps
food travel along the digestive system more quickly
helping us to go to the toilet
Seven steps to healthy eating
Do you eat a variety of different foods?
Do you eat the right amount to be a healthy weight?
Do you eat plenty of foods rich in starch and fibre?
Do you eat plenty of fruit and vegetables?
Do you eat too many foods that contain a lot of fat?
Do you have sugary foods and drinks too often?
Do you eat too much salt?
FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS
DISSOLVE IN FAT - STORED IN THE BODY
Vitamin
What for?
Where found?
Vit A
Eyesight & healthy skin
Dairy produce, oily fish,
carrots
Vit D
Forming of bones and
teeth
Milk, fish oils, sunlight
Vit E
Helps lungs to function
Eggs, meat, cereal oils
Vit K
Clots blood
Green veg, fish, liver
WATER SOLUBLE VITAMINS
DISSOLVE IN WATER – LEAVE THE BODY QUICLKY
Vitamin
What for?
Where found?
Vit B
Helps release energy
In lots of foods
Vit C
Protects against
infection, makes
connective tissue
Fruit and raw green
vegetables
Who?
Requires
Baby
Breast milk which contains special proteins,
antibodies and white blood cells which help to
protect the baby against infection. It also
contains a substance to help the baby grow.
Children
Foods that are high in energy as they grow
quickly. Calcium is needed for healthy tooth
development and, vitamin D, helps make bones
stronger.
Teenager
Calcium for bones (teenagers have growth
spurts). Girls and boys differ in how much they
need; boys need more protein and energy than
girls due to their greater growth spurt. Girls
need more iron than boys once their periods
start.
Adult
Plenty of starchy foods and fruit and
vegetables, meat or its alternatives, milk and
only small amounts of foods and drinks
containing fat and sugar.
Older Adult
Vitamin B to help release energy and Vitamin C
to help fight infection
Eat-well Plate
 5 A Day – campaign
 Jamie Oliver Food Revolution
 Jamie Oliver and School Meals

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQh2DgSPG7U
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-j0HQYg8aoY
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t7eaHytpJWQ&feature=rel
ated
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kFkAszCA9dI

www.diabetes.org.uk/Guide-todiabetes/Introduction-todiabetes/What_is_diabetes/Diabetesand-the-body/