Transcript Applications of Immunology to Medicine

Applications of Immunology
to Medicine.
Some Biochemical Structures
Folder Title: ImmunMed
Updated: December 03, 2015
General Applications to Medicine
Diagnosis
Imaging
Clinical Laboratory Assays
Highly Specific Identification
Highly Sensitive Quantitation
In Situ Tagging in Whole Cells and Intact Tissues
Vaccinations
Immune Therapy
Specific Areas of Immunology and Medicine
Reacts too Much or Inappropriately.
Allergy/Hypersensitivity
Reacts against Self.
Auto-Immune Diseases
Fails to React when it Should.
Immune Deficiency Diseases
Reacts when we don't want it to.
Transplantation Immunology
Protects Against Exogenous Pathogens.
Infectious Disease Immunity
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Viruses
Bacteria and Protozoans
Fungi
Insects and Worms
Anti-viral immunity
Anti-microbial immunity
Anti-fungal immunity
Anti-parasitic immunity
Protects Against Pathogenic Self.
Tumor Immunology
Making It Do Its Job Better.
Immune Medicine
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Making It Protect Better
Suppressing It
Augmenting It.
Immunity-based Medicinal Agents
Vaccines
Immuno-suppressive Drugs
Immune Adjuvants
Monoclonal Antibodies; Cytokines
Immunologically-active Chemical Mediators
and Pharmacological Agents
Always check-out the organic chemical structures of pharmacologically active agents.
They can be more than just unintelligible names.
L-tryptophan has
COOH group here.
(No –OH in the
indole ring
Serotonin
en.wikipedia.org
•Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine is a monoamine
neurotransmitter. Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine is a
monoamine neurotransmitter. Biochemically derived from
tryptophan, serotonin is primarily found in the gastrointestinal
tract, platelets, and in the central nervous system of animals,
including humans. It is popularly thought to be a contributor to
feelings of well-being and happiness.
•Chemical formula: C10H12N2O
•Chemical structure: C1=CC2=C(C=C1O)C(=CN2)CCN
•IUPAC ID: 5-Hydroxytryptamine
Histidine has
COOH group
here
Histamine (decarboxylated Histidine)
L-tyrosine has
COOH group
here.
Only one
hydroxyl
Epinephrine
group in the
•Epinephrine is a hormone and a neurotransmitter. Epinephrine has many functions in the body, regulating heart rate,
• blood vessel and air passage diameters, and metabolic shifts;
para-position
• epinephrine release is a crucial component of the fight-or-flight response of the sympathetic ne…
Epinephrine is a hormone and a neurotransmitter. Epinephrine has many functions in the body, regulating heart rate, blood vessel and
on the phenyl
air passage diameters, and metabolic shifts;
epinephrine release is a crucial component of the fight-or-flight response of the sympathetic nervous system. In chemical terms,
epinephrine is one of a group of monoamines called the catecholamines.
ring
It is produced in some neurons of the central nervous system,
and in the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla from the amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine.
•Brand names: EpiPen · Adrenaclick · Medihaler-Epi · Twinject
•May treat: Anaphylaxis · Cardiac arrest · Asthma · Allergy · Ventricular fibrillation · Bradycardia · Ventricular tachycardia
· Septic shock · Hypotension · Heart block · Airway obstruction · Open-angle glaucoma
•Drug classes: Catecholamine · Beta-adrenergic agonist · Alpha-Adrenergic Agonist
Me
Me
CH2
CH3
CH2
Me
Acetylcholine
en.wikipedia.org
Acetylcholine is an organic molecule that acts as a neurotransmitter
in many organisms, including humans. It is an ester of acetic acid
and choline, with chemical formula CH3COO(CH2)2NMe3+ and
systematic name 2-acetoxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium
Choline is hydroyethyl-trimethyl-ammonium
(protonated at neutral pH)