Transcript first aid - essentialsguides

CPR
Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation
What would YOU do???
 Keep Calm!
 EMERGENCY RESPONSE NUMBER
 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN
 TRAINING AND PREPERATION
The Chain of Survival
911 - - CPR - - AED - - Advanced Care
Heart Attack
“Death
of part
of the heart
muscle due
to inadequate
supply of blood
and oxygen”
Signs of Heart Attack
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Chest Pain or discomfort
Pain or pressure in the
center of the chest
May move to the arm,
neck, or jaw
Lasts for several minutes
Other signs may include
sweating, nausea,
shortness of breath,
weakness, fainting
Women, persons with
diabetes, and the elderly
may have vague
symptoms -- an ache,
heartburn, indigestion, or
back pain
Sudden Cardiac Arrest
 Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is a
leading cause of death in the U.S.
It kills nearly 300,000 people
each year.
 That’s more than the total deaths
for breast cancer, lung cancer, and
HIV/AIDS combined.
SCA
 During SCA, heart function stops
abruptly and without warning.
 When this occurs, the heart is no
longer able to pump blood to the rest
of the body.
 In over 90% of victims, death occurs.
SCA
 This is usually caused when the
electrical impulses in the affected
heart become rapid (ventricular
tachycardia, or “VT”) or chaotic
(ventricular fibrillation, or “VF”), or
both.
 These irregular heart rhythms
are arrhythmias.
Sudden Cardiac Arrest
 The best chance for survival depends on early CPR
and early defibrillation
 For every minute that passes without defibrillation,
the victim’s chance of survival falls by 7% to 10%
(unless CPR is provided)
4 Minutes: Brain damage begins
10-12 minutes: Chance of survival
is small unless CPR provided
So the difference is…
 SCA is an electrical problem - the
arrhythmia prevents the heart from
pumping blood to the brain and vital
organs.
 A heart attack is a “plumbing” problem
caused by one or more blockages in the
heart’s blood vessels, preventing proper
flow, and the heart muscle dies.
Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation - CPR
 The old way was A-B-C = Airway,
Breathing and Compressions.
 The new way is C-A-B =
Compressions, Airway, and Breathing.
The New CPR
HANDS ONLY
Step-by-step guide for the new CPR
 1. Check the scene…is it safe for you?
 2. Try to get the person to respond – if he doesn't,
roll the person on his or her back.
 3. Call 911 or ask someone else to do so.
 4. Start chest compressions. Place the heel of your
hand on the center of the victim's chest. Put your
other hand on top of the first with your fingers
interlaced.
Step-by-step guide for the new CPR
 5. Press down so you compress the chest at least 2
inches in adults and children and 1.5 inches in
infants. One hundred times a minute or even a little
faster is best
** Think “Staying Alive”**
 6. If you're been trained in CPR, you can now open
the airway with a head tilt and chin lift.
Step-by-step guide for the new CPR
 7. Pinch closed the nose of the victim. Take a
normal breath, cover the victim's mouth with yours
to create an airtight seal, and then give two, onesecond breaths as you watch for the chest to rise.
 8. Continue compressions and breaths -- 30
compressions, two breaths -- until help arrives.
AED
When someone collapses from
SCA, immediate cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR) and use of an
automated external defibrillator
(AED) are essential for any
chance of recovery.
AED
 An automated external defibrillator
(AED) is a portable device used to
give an electric shock to the heart
 It STOPS the heart so the
pacemaker can restore the heart's
normal rhythm during sudden cardiac
arrest.