Transcript Blood & circulation

Blood &
circulation
Circulation
Your body
resembles a large
roadmap, There
are routes or
“arteries” that take
you downtown to
the “heart” of the
city.
3 Major Parts of the Circulatory
system
• Heart – pumps or pushes blood through body
• Blood Vessels - routes blood travels
• Blood – carries important “ *stuff ” through
body
* Stuff – includes oxygen, food, & waste
Superior
Vena Cava
Pulmonary
Valve
Right
Atrium
Aorta
Pulmonary
Artery
Left Atrium
Aortic Valve
Tricuspid
Valve
Bicuspid Valve
(mitral)
Left
Ventricle
Right
Ventricle
Inferior vena
cava
Septum
The Heart
–4 chambers ( or compartments )
• 2 upper chambers : Left Atrium
Right Atrium
• 2 lower chambers : Left Ventricle
Right Ventricle
Heart Parts and Functions
•
Superior Vena Cava – vein that carries blood from the parts of the body above
the heart to the right atrium. (head, neck, arms, and chest)
•
Inferior Vena Cava – vein that carries blood returning from the rest of the
trunk, the viscera, and legs.
•
Right Atrium –collects blood returning to the heart from the superior and inferior vena cavas and
delivers it to the right ventricle.
•
Tricuspid Valve – a valve that extends from the sides of the openings between the right atrium
and right ventricle composed of three tendinous cords. It regulates a one-way blood flow from the right atrium
to the right ventricle, preventing any backflow of blood.
•
Right Ventricle –Propels blood through the pulmonary (toward the lungs) arteries.
Heart Parts and Functions
• Pulmonary Artery – Large artery that receives blood from the right
ventricle and carries it toward the lungs where gas exchange occurs (blood drops off
Co2 and picks up Oxygen)
• Pulmonary Veins – After gas exchange occurs at the lungs, these left and
right veins empty blood into the left atrium.
• Left Atrium – Receives blood from the left and right Pulmonary veins
• Bicupid Valve (Mitral) – Permits the flow of blood from the left
atrium into the left ventricle, allowing no backflow of blood.
Heart Parts and Functions
• Left Ventricle –Receives blood from the left atrium and propels
blood toward the ascending aorta through the aortic semilunar valve.
• Aorta – Large artery that receives and carries blood away from the left
ventricle and into the circulatory system (Ascending and Descending)
• Interatrial Septum – divides the right and left atria.
• Interventricular Septum -
Divides the right left ventricles.
How the Heart Works
The Flow of Blood through the Heart
Step 1--- Blood Enters the Right Side of the Heart from the
Superior and Inferior Vena Cava.
Step 2--- The Blood Passes through the:
Right Atrium Right VentriclePulmonary ArteryLungs
Step 3---Then Blood leaves the:
LungsLeft AtriumLeft VentricleAortathru Body
Lub
If you listen to
your heartbeat, it
makes a lub dub
sound.
The lub is when blood
is pushed out of the
heart into the body and
the dub is the reloading
of the heart with more
blood ready to push it
out to the body
Dub
Blood Flow through the Human Body
Blood with little oxygen is pumped from the Right Atrium through a valve to
the Right Ventricle and through another valve into the Pulmonary Vein. The
Pulmonary Vein sends it to the Lungs to pick up Oxygen. It’s sent from the
Lungs through Pulmonary Arteries to the Left Atrium through a valve to the
Left Ventricle. The Left Ventricle sends it through a valve to the Aorta. The
Aorta is a series of branches that sends oxygenated blood throughout the
body.
Average Heart Rate of some
Mammals
400
300
200
200
50 30
100 28
0
376
9
70 40
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Heartbeats per
minute
• Heart Rate
can be
determined
using a
Stethoscope
Mammals
Heart Facts
• Hold out your hand and make a fist. If you're a kid, your
heart is about the same size as your fist, and if you're an
adult, it's about the same size as two fists.
• Your heart beats about 100,000 times in one day and
about 35 million times in a year. During an average
lifetime, the human heart will beat more than 2.5 billion
times.
• Give a tennis ball a good, hard squeeze. You're using
about the same amount of force your heart uses to
pump blood out to the body. Even at rest, the muscles of
the heart work hard--twice as hard as the leg muscles of
a person sprinting.
# 1 Blood Vessels : One Way
Streets
• Blood Vessels
resemble very
long and skinny
tunnels that are
all through your
body.
3 Types of Blood Vessels
Arteries
Capillaries
* Click on each blood vessel to explore its
function in circulation
Veins
Your Blood is made of
• Plasma
– Liquid part of blood
• Red Blood Cells
– They carry oxygen
to all parts of the
body
• White Blood
Cells
–Fight and kill
germs that
may enter your
bloodstream
• Platelets
–Form “scabs”
when you cut
yourself
–Helps stop the
bleeding
Blood Types
There are 4 main Blood
Types:
Type A, Type B, Type AB, and
Type O
• Dr. Charles Drew
* click on link for history of the Blood Bank