Transcript Slide 1
5A Indian music – Unit 5: World Music ♫ 5A Indian Music ♫ Unit 5: World Music Icons key: For more detailed instructions, see the Getting Started presentation Flash activity. These activities are not editable. Composing activity 1 of 10 Listening activity Performing activity Teacher’s notes included in the Notes Page Sound Accompanying worksheet Weblink © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Learning objectives To understand the concept of the raga. To understand some basic theory of Indian music. To understand how rhythmic division takes place in Indian music. 2 of 10 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Raga 3 of 10 © Boardworks Ltd 2006 2008 Swar Indian music has seven main notes, or swars. Each swar is named. Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Dha Ni (Do) (Re) (Me) (Fa) (So) (La) (Ti) This naming system is similar to the Western method. The notes used are called a saptak, or scale. Indian saptaks do not include the first note repeated an octave higher as Western scales do. 4 of 10 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Swar Ragas do not have to be based around all seven notes. Ragas fall into one of three different groups: audava or pentatonic (5 notes) shaadava or hexatonic (6 notes) sampoorna or heptatonic (7 notes) At least five swars must be used, otherwise the performance cannot be called a raga. Ragas are based on modes, called thaats. The notes used in the raga will depend on which thaat has been chosen. 5 of 10 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Thaat 6 of 10 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Arohana and avarohana 7 of 10 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Tala Ragas are accompanied by a cyclical rhythmic pattern. This is called tala. There are over 300 different kinds of tala in Indian classical music. Talas have between 4 and 16 matras (beats) which are divided into vibhags (bars). Each new vibhag is marked by a different stress or action. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 This tala is called Tintaal and is divided into 4+4+4+4. The first, second and fourth vibhags are marked with a clap, whilst the third vibhag is marked silently with a wave. 8 of 10 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Sam, tali and kali 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sam Tali 9 10 11 12 Kali 13 14 15 16 Tali Sam is the first beat of each repetition of a tala. All the players in the raga start and finish on the sam. Tali means ‘clap’, and the clap highlights the start of a new vibhag. Kali means ‘empty’ and is the beat marked by a wave, which highlights the start of a new vibhag. 9 of 10 © Boardworks Ltd 2008 Vibhag Each vibhag is not always of equal length. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 This tala has four vibhags, which are divided up into 2+3+2+3. Notice that the start of each vibhag is still marked by a stress or action. ♫ Make up your own tala of between 4 and 16 beats. Make sure you emphasize where each vibhag begins. ♫ 10 of 10 © Boardworks Ltd 2008