Transcript Chinese Music

Chinese Music
Traditional Chinese Music
• Music in China is played on solo instruments or
in small ensembles of plucked and bowed
stringed instruments, flutes, and various
cymbals, gongs, and drums. The scale has five
notes. Bamboo pipes and qin are among the
oldest known musical instruments from China;
instruments are traditionally divided into
categories based on their material of
composition: skin, gourd, bamboo, wood, silk,
• earth/clay, metal and stone
Traditional Music Instruments
• The dizi (Chinese: 笛
子; pinyin: dízi), is a
Chinese transverse
flute.
Traditional Music Instruments
• The Chinese sheng
(Chinese: 笙; Pinyin
shēng) is a mouthblown free reed
instrument (the first)
consisting essentially
of vertical tubes, in
the Chinese
orchestra.
Traditional Music Instruments
• A gong is any one of a
wide variety of metal
percussion instruments.
The term is MalayJavanese in origin but
widespread throughout
Asia. The instrument itself
appears to have origins in
the bronze drums of
China, cymbals of central
Asia, and perhaps even
in European bell-casting
techniques.
Traditional Music Instruments
• The erhu (Chinese: 二胡;
pinyin: èrhú), sometimes
known in the West as the
"Chinese violin" or
Chinese two string fiddle,
is a two-stringed bowed
musical instrument, used
as a solo instrument as
well as in small
ensembles and large
orchestras.
Traditional Music Instruments
• The guqin (help·info)
(Chinese: 古琴;
pinyin: gǔqín; literally
"ancient stringedinstrument") is the
modern name for a
plucked seven-string
Chinese musical
instrument
Traditional Music Instruments
• The guzheng, or gu
zheng (Chinese: 古箏;
pinyin: gǔzhēng) or zheng
(箏) (gu- means
"ancient") is a traditional
Chinese musical
instrument. It belongs to
the zither(A musical
stringed instrument with
strings stretch over a flat
sounding box; played with
a plectrum and with
fingers.) family of string
instruments.
Traditional Music Instruments
•
The pipa (Chinese: 琵琶; pinyin:
pípá) is a plucked Chinese string
instrument. Sometimes called the
Chinese lute, the instrument has a
pear-shaped wooden body. It has
been played for nearly two
thousand years of history in
China,Famous pieces include 《
十面埋伏》 Shimian Maifu
[Ambushed from Ten Sides], 《夕
陽簫鼓》 Xiyang Xiaogu [Flute
and Drum at Sunset], 《陽春白雪
》 Yangchun Baixue [White Snow
in a Sunny Spring], 《龍船》 Long
Chuan [Dragon Boat], 《彝族舞曲
》 Yizu Wuqu [Dance of the Yi
People], 《大浪淘沙》 Dalang
Taosha [Big Waves Pushing the
Sand], 《昭君出塞》 Zhaojun
Chusai [Zhaojun Outside the
Frontier] and 《霸王卸甲》
Bawang Xiejia [King Chu Takes
Off his Armour].
Traditional Music Instruments
• The morin khuur or morin huur
(from the Mongolian: морин
хуур) or matouqin (from the
Chinese: 馬頭琴, ma tou qin) is
a chordophone of Mongolian
origin whose name roughly
translates as "horse-head
fiddle" in English. It is played
with a bow and produces a
sound which is poetically
described as expansive and
unrestrained, like a wild horse
neighing, or like a breeze in
the grasslands. It is the most
important musical instrument
of the Mongolian people, and
is considered a symbol of the
Mongolian nation.
Traditional Music Instruments
• The suona (simplified: 唢
呐; traditional: 嗩吶;suo
na, also called the laba 喇
叭 or haidi 海笛) is a Han
Chinese shawm (oboe). It
has a distinctively loud
and high-pitched sound,
and is used frequently in
Chinese traditional music
ensembles, particularly
those that perform
outdoors.
Traditional Music Instruments
• Bianzhong (Simplified
Chinese: 编钟;
Traditional Chinese:
編鐘; pinyin: biān
zhōng) is an ancient
Chinese musical
instrument consisting
of a set of bronze
bells, played
melodically.
Traditional Music Instruments
• The xun (simplified:
埙; pinyin: xūn) is a
Chinese ocarina
made of clay or
ceramic. It is one of
the oldest Chinese
instruments.
Traditional Music Instruments
• The hulusi (simplified: 葫
芦丝; pinyin: húlúsī) is a
free reed wind instrument
from China. It is held
vertically and has three
bamboo pipes which pass
through a gourd wind
chest; one pipe has finger
holes and the other two
are drone pipes.
Traditional Music Instruments
• The trapezoidal yangqin (揚琴;
pinyin yángqín) is a Chinese
hammered dulcimer originally
from the Middle East (Persia
(modern-day Iran)). The
yangqin was traditionally fitted
with bronze strings, which
gave the instrument a soft
timbre. This form of instrument
is still occasionally heard today
in the hudie qin (蝴蝶琴, lit.
"butterfly zither") played in the
traditional silk and bamboo
genre from the Shanghai
region known as Jiangnan
sizhu (江南絲竹), as well as in
some Cantonese music
groups.
Traditional Music Instruments
• The sanxian三弦 (literally
"three strings") is a
Chinese lute — a threestringed fretless plucked
musical instrument. It has
a long fingerboard, and
the body is traditionally
made from snakeskin
stretched over a rounded
rectangular resonator.
• The ruan (阮, pinyin:
ruǎn) is a Chinese
plucked string instrument.
It is a lute with a fretted
neck, a circular body, and
four strings. Its strings
were formerly made of
silk but since the 20th
century they have been
made of steel (flatwound
for the lower strings).
Top 10 Ancient Chinese Classical
Music
• Mighty Mountain and Flowing River (Gao Shan Liu Shui，
高山流水)
• Guang ling San 广陵散
• Wild Geese (Ping Sha Luo Yan 平沙落雁)
• Mei Flower (Mei Hua San Nong 梅花三弄)
• Besieged (Shi Mian Mai Fu 十面埋伏)
• Sunset (Xi Yang Xiao Gu夕阳箫鼓)
• Conversation between a fisherman and a woodman (Yu
Qiao Wen Da渔樵问答 )
• Home Return (Hu Jia Shi Ba Pai胡笳十八拍)
• Autumn Moon in the Han Palace (Han Gong Qiu Yue汉
宫秋月)
• Sunny Spring & White Snow (Yang Chun Bai Xue阳春白
雪)
Chinese Well-known Music
• The Butterfly Lovers' Violin Concerto is one of the most
famous works of Chinese music and certainly the most
famous outside of China. It is an orchestral adaptation of
an earlier legend, the Butterfly Lovers. Written for the
western style orchestra, it features a solo violin played
using some Chinese techniques.
• The Butterfly Lovers Violin Concerto was written by two
Chinese composers, He Zhanhao and Chen Gang in
1959 while they were students at the Shanghai
Conservatory of Music.
• Chinese name: 梁祝，liangzhu
Chinese Well-known Music
• The Yellow River Cantata (Chinese:黄河大合唱 Pinyin:
Huánghé Dàhéchàng) is a cantata by Chinese composer
Xian Xinghai (1905–1945). Composed in Yan'an in early
1939 during the Second Sino-Japanese War, the work
was inspired by a patriotic poem by Guang Weiran,
which was also adapted as the lyrics. Premiered on April
13 of the same year in the Shanbei Gongxue Hall of
Yan'an, the work soon spread to all parts of China and
greatly inspired the people to take up arms against
Japanese invaders
Chinese Modern Music
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The 1970s saw the rise of Cantopop in Hong Kong. It arose as a reaction against
more traditional shidaiqu, and featured American soft rock and traditional Cantonese
vocal styles. Joseph Koo, Lisa Wang, Adam Cheng, Lotus, Wynners and James
Wong were especially popular. In the 1980s, singers began using Cantonese instead
of English. This new generation of stars included Sam Hui, Danny Chan, Kenny Bee,
Anita Mui, Aaron Kwok, Leon Lai, Andy Lau and Jacky Cheung. The last four were
the biggest stars, and were referred to as "the four gods (of Cantopop)" (Cantonese:
sei3 dai6 tin1 wong4). Newer teen idols include Sammi Cheng, Karen Mok and
Eason Chan.
Parallel with the rise of Cantopop was Chinese Rock, which drew on earlier,
underground pioneers like Taiwanese star Teresa Teng. The widely-acknowledged
forefather of Chinese rock is Cui Jian. Modern rock artists include Tang Dynasty,
Dadawa, Cobra, Dou Wei, Zhang Chu, He Yong, Zhinanzhen, Lingdian and Heibao.
Musically, these range from New Wave (Lingdian) to heavy metal (Heibao), alongside
punk rock bands like Catcher in the Rye and Dixiayinger.
In 1980 the Chinese Musicians' Association was formally elected to the International
Musicological Society. Chinese musical groups toured foreign countries, and foreign
musical organizations performed in China. In the mid-1980s popular ballads and
Western folk and classical music still drew the greatest audiences, but other kinds of
music, including previously banned Western jazz and rock and roll, were being
performed and were receiving increasing acceptance, especially among young
people.
The Father of Chinese Rock-Cui
Jian 崔健
The Father of Chinese Rock-Cui
Jian 崔健
• Cui Jian (Chinese: 崔健; pinyin: Cuī Jiàn; born August 2,
1961) is a Beijing-based musician, songwriter, trumpet
player, guitarist and composer. Affectionately called “Old
Cui” (老崔), he is considered to be a pioneer in Chinese
rock music and the first Chinese artist to break away
from conventional Chinese popular forms and
incorporate a Western rock style into his songs. For this
distinction Cui Jian is sometimes referred to as the
“father of Chinese rock”. In his later works, he has also
begun to experiment with rap music, adding a
drummer/MC to his band for The Power of the Powerless
(1998)
The Father of Chinese Rock-Cui
Jian 崔健
• In the late 1980s Cui Jian played the first
Chinese rock song called: "I Have Nothing" ("Yi
wu suo you"). It was the first time that an
electric guitar was used in China. Cui Jian
became the most famous performer of the time.
His socially critical lyrics earned him the anger of
the government and many of his concerts were
banned or cancelled. After the Tiananmen
Square protests of 1989 he played with a red
scarf around his head to demonstrate against
the actions of the government.