Transcript Abdurahman Abdi`s maths project

How Maths Started!!!
Human beings from our
earliest beginnings have
searched for basic
solutions. Almost 30,000
years ago early p used
tally marks, but this
became very confusing
when it came to large
amounts.
Early symbols
Sumerian small, clay
stones were used for 1. A
round, clay ball was used
for 10, and a large, clay
stone stood for 60.
Babylonian ways
Written records from around 30,000 BC, show that
Babylonians inscribed amounts on stone tablets. They
used a nail shape for ones, and a “v” on its side for
tens. Eventually, combining these numbers to create
other numbers, for example they wrote the number 19
as one “v” and nine nail shapes.
Ancient Egyptians
The ancient Egyptians used objects from their every day
life as symbols. A rod stood for 1, a camel hobble was
10, a coiled rope was 100, and a lodes flower was a
thousand and so on.
Roman times
The early Romans created a number system that we still
see today. Along with other numbers they used “X” for
ten and an “I” for one. While the middle ages the
Romans were putting the “I” to the right of the “X” for
eleven, and to the left for nine, so they wrote nineteen
as “XIX”.
The Old Ways
One of these creative number systems show groups of
objects. As well as individual objects.
Some of the oldest human counting systems depend on
fingers and toes, so they were based on 1,5,10 and 20.
Math in daily life
When you buy a car, a house, going on a trip, shopping,
selling something, and so on.
So you are always using your knowledge of maths.
Here are some examples of daily math problems.
1. Allenby Primary School has 8 classes all with 30 pupils
in. How many pupils are there at Allenby Primary
School?
Answer: 30 x 8 = ------ How many gift cards costing 43p
each can you buy for £13?
Answer: £13/43p = ------- gift cards.
3. Abdi walks to school each morning and back in the
afternoon. The distance to school is 550m. How far will
he walk in a school term that has school on 75 days?
Answer: 550 x 2 = 1100, then 1100 x 75 = 82500, next
82500 / 1000 = ----------km
Mental Math - Algebra
Maths is a thinking subject and you should always be
thinking and asking questions.
So what is Algebra?
Algebra is a math letters instead of numbers. It is
originated in ancient Babylon, was developed by
Greeks and later by Arab academic teachers.
Examples:
1. a=4 b=5 c=6 d=9
a) 4d + a= 40
b) -b + 6c-a/2= -5+36-2= 29
Describing Series Numbers
A series of numbers is a way to work out what number
comes next.
Here are some examples.
Note that n = numbers from 1 to 100, v = value.
Find the expression and work out the tenth of the below
series:
expression
tenth
1) 4 6 8 10
2n+2
22
2) 3 6 11 18
n square +2
102
3) 5 12 19 26
7n- 2
68
Ratio and Fractions
A ratio is a way of comparing the sizes of two or more
quantities. The working out of any ratio is to add together
the numbers which make up the ratio, in order to get the
denominator for the fraction.
Examples:
1) The ratio of boys to girls in Allenby primary school is
3:5. If there are 240 children in the school, how many
are girls?
Answer: 3+5= 8, 5/8 x 240 = 150
2) There are 20 sweets in the box and there are 5 of us in my family. What is the ratio
of sweets to people and what fraction of the box will I get if we share them out
equally?
Answer: 5/25= 1/5x20= 4
3) A quarter of the class couldn’t complete their homework. What is the ratio between
those who could and those who couldn’t?
Answer:75/100 = ¾, ¼ so their ratio is 3:1
Inverse Operation
1) I think of a number, add 5 then double it and I get an
answer of 28. What number did I start with?
Answer: 28 x ½ =14 – 5 = 9
2) I think of a number then I divide it by 3 and then add
6 to get 17. What number did I think of?
Answer: 17 – 6 = 11 x 3 = 33
3) Choose a number, add it by 8 , x by 2 ,divide it by 2 ,
then subtract my original answer by the number you
chose.
Answer: 4
By Abdurahman Ahmed Abdi, Year 4 in Allenby Primary School , 05 Feb 2016