Transcript Department of Electrical Engineering

Basic Electronics
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
3/7/2013
Richard Kuo
Assistant Professor
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
Outline
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
►
►
►
Fundamental Laws
Tool/Equipment
Basic Components
 Resistor
 Light Emitting Diode (LED)
 Oscillator
 Transistor
 Operational Amplifier (OP Amp)
 Ultrasound Sensor Circuit
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
Fundamental Laws
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
►
Ohm’s Law :
Current = Voltage / Resistance
►
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)
total voltage around a closed loop must be zero
V4 = V1 + V2 + V3

Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL)
total current or charge entering a junction or
node is exactly equal to the charge leaving the
node
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
Tool/Equipment
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
►
►
►
►
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
Power Supply : adjustable outputs at 5V, 9V, 12V, …
Soldering Iron : to solder components and wiring them on PCB
Multimeter : to measure voltage, current, resistance
Oscilloscope : to measure waveform & frequency
Power Supply
Soldering IRON
Multimeter
Oscilloscope
Resistor
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University

www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
Serial
V = I * R1 + I * R2 + I * R3
R = R1 + R2 + R3

Parallel
V = I1 * R1 = I2 * R2 = I3 * R3
1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3
EX1. Practice using multimeter to measure resistor, voltage, current
LED (Light Emitting Diode)
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
Power Up
Display
I = V / R = (9V – 1.8V) / 470 ohm = 15mA
Typically, a LED forward voltage is about 1.8~3.3 volts;
it varies by the color of the LED. A red LED typically drops 1.8 volts,
but voltage drop normally rises as the light frequency increases,
so a blue LED may drop around 3.3 volts.
EX2. Practice soldering circuit & multimeter measuring
Crystal Oscillator Circuit
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
Clock
Source
C1 & C2 = 10~30pf
Crystal Oscillator Circuit
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
Oscillator using 74HC04
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
7404 Oscillating Circuit
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
Waveform
Generator
1KHz
Ex3. Practice circuit on bread board & measure output waveform
74HCT04 Oscillating Circuit
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
Ex4. Practice circuit on bread board & measure output waveform
Transistor
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
Reference:
http://score.ptivs.ptc.edu.tw/chenjy/ELECTRN/electrn4.htm
http://140.120.11.1/semicond/handout/chap5.pdf
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
Speaker Driving Circuit
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
Transistor can amplify signal
Input : signal to B
Output : load on C or E (current from E to C)
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
Audio Generator output to Speaker
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
+5V
1KHz
Gnd
Ex5. Practice circuit on bread board
。
Ultrasound Sensor Ranger Principle
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
Ultrasound Sensor Ranging the distance by measuring the time from transmitting 40KHz
wave to received 40KHz wave,
Ultrasound Speed : V = 331.4 + 0.607 * T
T : temperature
C0 : speed at absolute zero degree
Distance
t: travel time
from sound wave transmitted to the reflection received
Ultrasound Sensor – transmitter circuit
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
MCU
MCU to generate 40KHz square wave, and
74HC04 to amplify signal for ultrasound transducer to transmit
Ex6. Practice soldering circuit & Oscilloscope to measure frequency, waveform
Ultrasound Sensor – receiver circuit
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
Ex7. Practice soldering circuit & Oscilloscope to measure output waveform
General Disclaimer
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
The Lecture is strictly used for educational purpose.
MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY
►The
lecture cannot guarantee the validity of the information found here. The lecture may recently have been
changed, vandalized or altered by someone whose opinion does not correspond with the state of knowledge in the relevant
fields. Note that most other encyclopedias and reference works also have similar disclaimers.
No formal peer review
►The
lecture is not uniformly peer reviewed; while readers may correct errors or engage in casual peer review, they have
no legal duty to do so and thus all information read here is without any implied warranty of fitness for any purpose or use
whatsoever. Even articles that have been vetted by informal peer review or featured article processes may later have been
edited inappropriately, just before you view them.
No contract; limited license
►Please
make sure that you understand that the information provided here is being provided freely, and that no kind of
agreement or contract is created between you and the owners or users of this site, the owners of the servers upon which it
is housed, the individual Wikipedia contributors, any project administrators, sysops or anyone else who is in any way
connected with this project or sister projects subject to your claims against them directly. You are being granted a limited
license to copy anything from this site; it does not create or imply any contractual or extracontractual liability on the part
of Wikipedia or any of its agents, members, organizers or other users.
►There is no agreement or understanding between you and the content provider regarding your use or modification
of this information beyond the Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Unported License (CC-BY-SA) and the
GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL);
General Disclaimer
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
Trademarks
►Any
of the trademarks, service marks, collective marks, design rights or similar rights that are mentioned, used or cited
in the lectures are the property of their respective owners. Their use here does not imply that you may use them for any
purpose other than for the same or a similar informational use as contemplated by the original authors under the CC-BYSA and GFDL licensing schemes. Unless otherwise stated , we are neither endorsed by nor affiliated with any of the
holders of any such rights and as such we cannot grant any rights to use any otherwise protected materials. Your use of any
such or similar incorporeal property is at your own risk.
Personality rights
►The
lecture may portray an identifiable person who is alive or deceased recently. The use of images of living or recently
deceased individuals is, in some jurisdictions, restricted by laws pertaining to personality rights, independent from their
copyright status. Before using these types of content, please ensure that you have the right to use it under the laws which
apply in the circumstances of your intended use. You are solely responsible for ensuring that you do not infringe someone
else's personality rights.
Analog to Digital Conversion (ADC)
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
NUC140 : 8-channel 12-bit 800KSPS ADC
智能電表(smart meter) 採用16/24-bit ADC
電子秤採用16/24-bit ADC
Audio : 96KHz, 24-bit Stereo ADC
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
Direct-Conversion ADC
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw
Digital to Analog Converter (DAC)
Department of Electrical Engineering,
National Taiwan Ocean University
►
Binary-Weighted Resistor DAC
►
ΔΣ DAC (Sigma-Delta DAC)
►
R-2R Ladder DAC
Vout = - (Vmsb + Vn + Vlsb) = - (Vref + Vref/2 + Vref/ 4)
www.ee.ntou.edu.tw