Transcript File

 Soldiers
or priests
were given land in
exchange for their
service, and to
ensure their loyalty.
 Kings portrayed
themselves as the
deity’s earthly
representatives.
http://www.mysteriousworld.com/Content/Images/Journal/2003/Autumn/Osiria/NimrodMightyHunterImage240.jpg
http://www.livius.org/a/libya/bani_walid/bani_walid_mus_peasants_dromedary.jpg
Peasants built with mud
bricks.
 Scribes were used
because most were
illiterate. A scribe is a
scholar charged by the
temple with readings
and writings.
 Women could own
property and engage
in trade, but men
monopolized the
political life.

http://oi.uchicago.edu/OI/MUS/ED/TRC/MESO/archaeology_largewindow.html
 Irrigation
techniques expanded
the agricultural productions.
 First domestication of plant was
during 800bce. This appeared
by the Fertile Crescent
(Mesopotamia). Agriculture
itself started in 5000 bce.
 Depended on the water supply.
Sometimes a flood from the
winter snow’s melting would
cause the river to change
course.
http://en.wikivisual.com/images/4/41/Farming-on-Indonesia.jpg
http://www.historylink102.com/farming1.jpg
http://booksofart.com/wp-content/gallery/mesopotamian-art/mesopotamian-art-08.jpg
 Cities
built temples and showed
devotions to the communities gods.
 Ziggurat- multistory, mud/brick,
pyramid- shaped tower and temple.
 Creation
Myth
(Babylonian)- people
lived to serve the
gods. (bathed,
moved, entertained,
ect.)
 Amulets- small
charms meant to
protect the bearer
from evil.
http://www.hauntedamericatours.com/DEMONS/Pazuzu_head_amulet.jpg http://www.thecityreview.com/f05canbb.jpg http://www.susu-saaa.org/art/sumerian/37451x.jpg
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_qhk2zePMjGE/SKP3hIm1i4I/AAAAAAAACBk/ENOQvKwE960/s320/gilgamesh.jpg
 This
epic tale has
been translated off of
twelve tablets found
in ancient
Mesopotamia.
 It is still studied today
in high schools
around the world.
http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/99/66199-004-35F19FCD.jpg http://www.btinternet.com/~glynhughes/squashed/gilgamesh.jpg
 They
were the earliest people in southern
Mesopotamia, now Iraq.
 Lived in peace and merged with the Semitic
people through intermarriage.
ttp://www.gardenvisit.com/assets/madge/ur_sumer_iraq_3055_jpg/600x/ur_sumer_iraq_3055_jpg_600x.jpg http://media.tiscali.co.uk/images/feeds/hutchinson/ency/0014n098.jpg
 They
had a legal and
administrative system with
jails and courts.
 They were divided into a
dozen independent cities
whose limits were defined
by certain boundaries or
canals.
 Accomplishments:
• Very complex system of
meteorology
• Math system
 developed multiplication
tables
 1st to find volume of a
cube and the area of a
triangle.
http://www.scryptoart.com/works/010%20Sumerian%201/sumerian1400.jpg
http://www.markville.ss.yrdsb.edu.on.ca/projects/classof2008/mel5/holling/wheel.jpg

More Accomplishments:
 Developments:
• Irrigation system
• Sumerian-Akkadian
• Wheel
Dictionaries
• Depended on Clay
• Sumerian Boats
• Cuneiform
• Mapping visible stars
and planets
http://www.storyofmathematics.com/images2/sumerian_clay_cones.jpg
http://www.hotspotsz.com/images3/1shamash.jpghttp://www.markville.ss.yrdsb.edu.on.ca/projects/classof2008/mel5/au/babylonian_worldmap.jpg
http://sabbathrock.com/images/EnkiNimmahTestTubingAdamu12Planet.jpghttp://2.bp.blogspot.com/_n9UpCIi9Waw/Sjthx9qVEMI/AAAAAAAAGjk/-hsZCuODFlk/s400/AMON+RA+MARDUK.jp

Religion







http://www.returnofthenephilim.com/images/SumerianGodWithWings.jpeg
Believed in gods, and that
they existed to please their
gods
Enlil=god of air
Enki= god of water
Utu= god of sun
Nanna= goddess of moon
Anu= god of sky
Inanna= goddess of
attraction and violence
 Hebrews
spoke…Hebrew,
also called the “Holy
Language” or the Jewish
language.
 Gave us monotheism
• Judaism
• Torah- holy book
 The
most important
development of western
civilization was the Hebrews’
religion.
http://www.concurringopinions.com/archives/torah.jpg
http://www.orbilat.com/General_References/Images/Hebrew_alphabet.gif

Civilization started in
Mesopotamia but later
moved to Egypt. Both
locations had rich soil
and river resources.
• Centered around
Palestine- This was the
area the Hebrew God
promised to his
chosen people.
• All areas were
wealthy and powerful.
http://www.beforeus.com/images/law1.jpg
•Went through Bronze
and Iron Ages (1200 to
586 bce)
 Started
as a
monarchy with kings,
yet this failed in in
late 100 bce. It turned
into 12 tribes with
their own leaders.
Later they were taken
over by Persia,
Greece, and the
Roman Empire
 During
the 21st Century bce,
migration of the Amorite
tribes infiltrated
Mesopotamia causing the
sudden downfall of the
NeoSumerian 3rd dynasty
 Occupied large parts of
Mesopotamia from the 2nd
half of the 3rd millennium
 They were nomadic people.
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.crystalinks.com/amoritesjoshua.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.crystalinks.com/amorites.html&usg=__tXWSm7E4_SRZWV9ye3ZSE9BqGtw=
&h=450&w=620&sz=51&hl=en&start=2&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=VZ9CvyeZ4ynSkM:&tbnh=99&tbnw=136&prev=/images%3Fq%3Damorites%26hl%3Den%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1
http://uh.edu/engines/joshuamorites.jpg
The rise of the Amorite
kingdom brought
about a deep and
lasting repercussions
in political, social, and
economic structures.
 Encouraged a new
society to emerge, a
society of big farmers,
free citizens, and
enterprising
merchants.


Centralized
government over
individual city-states
http://www.paradoxplace.com/Perspectives/Rome%20&%20Central%20Italy/Rome/Rome_Churches/Santa_Maria_Maggiore/Santa_Maria_Maggiore_Nave_Mosiacs/Nave_Images/800/D17-
Men, land, and cattle belonged physically to the
gods or to the temples and the king.
 Economic life was no longer in the hands of priests.
 The Amorites adopted the religion of the Sumerians.
 Spoke Ancient Semitic


Code of Hammurabigave out social divisions
(3 identified). Royalty,
high-ranking, warriors,
priests, and artisans were
the highest class. Class of
dependent farmers and
legal attachments to
royals were next. Last
was the class of slaves in
domestic service.
• Penalties of the code
depended on the class of
the offender. (lowest class
was the most severe)
http://www.chartershire.com/linen_images/Satin%2002%20a.jpg
 Used, sold
and carved
beautiful cedar wood.
Turned some wood
into boats.
 Sold the expensive
Tyranian purple dye,
and became known as
the “purple nation.”
 Fine linen was also
exported here.
http://www.pritani.com/legacy/phoenicianship.gif
http://www.viewzone.com/phoenician.boat.jpg
http://historyofscience.com/G2I/timeline/images/tyrian_purple.jpg
Phoenician Purple Dye
 Known
to be the greatest traders of the
Ancient Mediterranean.
 They are the first people to settle
colonies based on sea fare. They became
navigators.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Pergamonmuseum_-_Vorderasiatisches_Museum_046.JPG/90px-Pergamonmuseum_-_Vorderasiatisches_Museum_046.JPG
http://www.lamiasardegna.it/images/602/034.jpg
 Made
their own
written language that
looks similar to future
Greek and now our
alphabet. They used
the sounds of the
words to make out
individual characters
in their alphabet.
http://www.lost-civilizations.net/images/phoenician/phonecian.gif
http://www.memo.fr/Media/Bateau_phenicien.jpg