Transcript Short-day plants

Chapter #21
Plant Growth
and Disease
Chapter 21.1 Notes
• Plant growth happens at the root tips and
stem tips.
• Plants only grow longer and taller.
3 types of plants
1. Short-day plants are
plants that flower when
the day length falls
below 12 to 14 hours.
2. Long-day plants are
plants that flower when
the day length rises
above 12 to 14 hours.
3. Day-neutral plants are
plants in which flowering
doesn’t depend on the
length of day.
Continually flower until
frost.
Poinsettia are
short-day
plants
Roses are day-neutral plants
Tropism- is a very slow movement of a plant caused
by a change in growth as a response to a stimuli.
1. Phototropism- is the growth of a plant in response to light.
2. Gravitropism- is the growth response of a plant to gravity.
3. Thigmotropism- is a plants response to touch or contact
(Vines).
Chapter 21.2 Notes
•
Plants can live a few months to thousands of
years.
• 3 plant types
1. Annual plants- complete their life cycle within 1
year. Examples corn, peas, impatiens.
2. Biennial plants produce seeds at the end of the
second year of growth and then die. Examples
cabbage, turnips.
3. Perennial plants produce seed every year, year
after year. Examples trees, shrubs, tulips.
Plant Growth Requirements
1.
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3.
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5.
6.
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Air (CO2 , O2)
Light
Temperature
Soil (sandy, clay, crumbly)
Water
Minerals (Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium)
Fertilizer is made of minerals that improve
the soil.
Chapter 21.3
• Diseases and insect pests can slow or
stop plant growth. Diseases affect all
plants.
• Bacteria- enter plants
through the stomata
or small cuts. Bacteria
destroy plant cells
when they invade
cytoplasm. Example
Blister Spots
• Viruses- can cause
small yellow spots on
leaves. Yellow spots
darken and the tissue
dies (Mosaic
disease).
• Viruses can also
cause tumors in
leaves.
Mosaic Disease
• Fungi- disease caused by a
fungus can spread rapidly
examples Dutch elm disease,
wheat rust, corn smut.
Dutch Elm Disease
Wheat Rust
Corn Smut Disease
• Insect Pests- can
transfer diseases from
one plant to another.
• Insects can also
damage or even kill
plants by eating too
many leaves.
• Emerald Ash Borer
• Tent Caterpillar
• Gypsy moth
Emerald Ash Borer
Tent Caterpillars
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Work Cited
“Sunflowers”. January 4, 2007.
http://northwestkansas.hdnews.net/graphics/photo%20gallery%20pics/SUNFLOWER%202.jpg
“Poinsettia”. January 4, 2007. http://www.movie-weblog.com/wp-content/uploads/poinsettia.jpg
“Rose”. January 4, 2007. http://www.aoc.nrao.edu/~mstephen/roywil.jpg
“Phototropism”. January 4, 2007. http://intranet.cccmkc.edu.hk/~sbjbiology/AL%20BIO/Continuity%20of%20life%20growth%20and%20development/Growth%20and%20
development_image/Tropism_image/Phototropism%20in%20mung%20bean%20seedling.jpg
“Gravitropism”. January 4, 2007.
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Tropisms/gravitropism/Gravitropism_MC.jpg
“Thigmotropism” January 4, 2007.
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Tropisms/Thigmotropism_MC_.low.jpg
• “Mosaic Disease”. January 8, 2007. http://plantdisease.ippc.orst.edu/plant_images/bluemosa.jpg
• “Wheat Rust Disease”. January 8, 2007.
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http://www.lsuagcenter.com/NR/rdonlyres/6DE10E67-5D37-4489-9D581928846CD2F4/9028/diseasewheatleafrust_w200.JPG
“Dutch Elm Disease”. January 8, 2007. http://www.newsday.com/media/photo/2003-04/7291576.jpg
“Corn Smut Disease”. January 8, 2007. http://www.apsnet.org/education/K12PlantPathways/NewsViews/Images/Cornsmut.jpg
“Bacterial Disease”. January 8, 2007. http://www.kdcomm.net/~tomato/graphics/3bcanker.gif
“Emerald Ash Borer”. January 8, 2007. http://www.ppdl.purdue.edu/PPDL/images/eab-tracks.jpg
“Tent Caterpillars”. January 8, 2007.
http://hflp.sdstate.edu/images/Tent%20caterpillar%20open%20nest2.jpg