Transcript The Present Subjunctive

The Present Subjunctive
El Subjuntivo presente
The Subjunctive
• We use it to say what one
person does or doesn’t want,
tell, suggest, or recommend
someone else to do.
The Subjunctive
• A sentence that includes the
subjunctive form has two parts
connected by the word que.
• For example:
The Subjunctive
• Quiero que tú respires
lentamente.
• I want you to breathe slowly.
The Subjunctive
• You can also suggest more general or
impersonal ideas using expressions
such as es necesario…es bueno…and
es importante…, followed by que and
a form of the present subjunctive.
The Subjunctive
• Es necesario que hagas ejercicio.
• It’s necessary that you do exercise.
• Es importante que los jóvenes coman
bien.
• It’s important that the young people eat
well.
The Subjunctive
• Note that the subjunctive
sentences have two parts,
each with a different subject,
connected by the word que:
2 Clauses
Ella sugiere que yo aprenda francés
Independent clause
(stands on its own)
Subject > Verb
Indicative
Verb
Separated by
the word
“que”
Dependent clause (can’t stand
on its own)
Begins with the word “que.”
Subjunctive
Verb
The Subjunctive
• We form the present
subjunctive of most verbs the
same way we form negative tú
commands.
The Subjunctive
• We drop the -o of the presenttense indicative yo form and
add the subjunctive endings.
The Subjunctive
• For -ar verbs:
• e, es, e, emos, en
• For -er/-ir verbs:
• a, as, a, amos, an
SALTAR – to jump
salte
saltemos
saltes
salte
salten
CONOCER – to know
conozca
conozcamos
conozcas
conozca
conozcan
DECIR – to say/tell
diga
digamos
digas
diga
digan
Spell Change Subjunctive Verbs
• Also verbs ending in –car, -gar,
and –zar have a spell change in
order to maintain the original
sound.
-ger, -gir ending verbs have a
spell change g > j.
Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
buscar
busco
busque
pagar
pago
pague
cruzar
cruzo
cruce
escoger
escoja
escojas
escoja
escojamos
escojan
Stem-change Verbs
dormir
divertirse
duerma
duermas
duerma
durmamos
duerman
me divierta
te diviertas
se divierta
nos divirtamos
se diviertan
Los Verbos Irregulares
dar – dé, des, dé, demos, den
estar – esté, estés, esté, estemos, estén
ir – vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayan
ser – sea, seas, sea, seamos, sean
saber - sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepan