Transcript sat grammar
SAT GRAMMAR JONATHAN EISEN Types of Questions Improving Sentences Identifying Sentence Error Improving Paragraphs Skills and Strategy Grammar is a game of matching Questions in each “question type” section get harder as they go along Find the answer yourself first before you read the answers Know your skip strategy Parts of Speech Noun Verb Adjective Adverb Preposition Conjunction Coordinating, Subordinating, Conjunctive Adverb Gerund Participle Parts of a Sentence Subject Versus Object Mike hit the baseball. The baseball hit Mike. Active voice versus Passive Voice Active Voice The subject of the sentence is performing the action expressed in the verb Ex: Mike round-house kicked Tom in the face. Passive Voice The subject of the sentence is acted upon by the verb Ex. Tom was round-house kicked in the face by Mike. Passive Voice: Sometimes it is OK When the object in the sentence is more important than the subject Ex: Now a popular television series on HBO, Game of Thrones was written by author George R. R. Martin. EX: Pi is widely considered to be the most important number in geometry. Pronouns 1st Person Subjective Objective 2nd Person 3rd Person Conjunction Junction Coordinating Conjunctions For And Nor But Or Yet So Subordinate Conjunctions after although as because before even if even though if in order thatonce provided that rather than since so that than that though unless until when whenever where whereas wherever whether while why Practice Sentences Ben Franklin was a respected and talented statesman, and he was most famous for his scientific discovery of electricity. Since the small electronic industry is one of the world’s fastest growing sectors, because demand for the computer chip continues to be high. Yeats eventually created a unique voice in his poetry, but he was able to shake off the restricting influences of the British literary tradition. Infinitive versus Gerund Team officials heralded Cap Day as an attempt at attracting a larger turnout of fans. Surveillance cameras are frequently placed in convenience stores to prevent customers to shoplift. Any parent would see the value to set a curfew for their child. The trade agreement is designed to prevent Japan from limiting the amount of their imports. Dangling Participles Hiking the trail, the birds chirped loudly. Wishing I could sing, the high notes seemed to haunt me. Flying for the first time, the roar of the jet engines intimidated the small child and he grew frightened as the plane roared down the runway. Wrong Words! Common Diction errors Accept/Except Adapt/Adopt Affect/Effect Afflict/Inflict Allusion/Illusion Eminent/Imminent Lay/Lie allude/elude Disinterested/uninterested Proceed/precede Desirous/desirable Wrong Words! Raise/Rise Set/Sit Regardless/Irregardless Ingenuous/ingenious Empathetic/emphatic Perspective/prospective Implicate/imply Deduce/induce compliment/complement Commonly Tested Prepositions Abide by Blame for Decide (up)on Forget about Abide in Believe in Depend (up)on Forgive for Accuse of Care about Differ about Hide from Agree to Care for Differ from Hope for Agree with Charge for Differ over Insist (up)on Agree on Charge with Differ with Object to Apologize for Compare to Compare with Participate in Apply for Discriminate against Pray for Complain about Distinguish from Apply to Approve of Dream about Prevent from Consist of Argue about Dream of Prohibit from Contribute to Arrive at Escape from Count (up)on Protect from Rely (up)on Cover with Excel in Provide with Excuse for Recover from More Prepositions Rescue from Respond to Stare at Stop from Subscribe to Substitute for Succeed in Thank for Vote for Wait for Wait on Work with Worry about Comparison Errors: Comparing Apples and Oranges both tea and coffee, but I drink more tea than coffee players on my team are better than your team eboarding in New York, unlike California, is usually hampered by busy ets and crowded sidewalks. generally thought that a dog’s sense of smell is 10,000 to 100,000 times ers than humans. More Apples and Oranges The introduction of elevators in hotels meant that previously undesirable rooms on the top floors, away from the bustle and noise of the street, because sought after and more expensive than the lower floors. The language of the Navajo people, like their Apache cousins, are classified in the Athabascan language family. The legend of Admiral Nelson, like other Naval heroes, is based only partially on fact. Mixed Constructions A mixed construction is a sentence containing parts that do not sensibly fit together. It may contain phrases or clauses that do not fit together logically or a subject that does not work grammatically with a predicate. Rising health care costs decrease health insurance for many people. The fact that the marathon is twenty-six miles, a length that explains why I never have finished it. The most valued trait in an employee is a person who is loyal. Indigestion is when you cannot digest food The reason I enjoy horseback riding is because it provides outdoor exercise. More M.C.s In their effort to save time on the road caused them to get a speeding ticket. By studying hard, partying less, and working less will give me better grades this semester. Those six pounds that a woman desperately wants to shed or a man wanting to fill out the arms of his shirts have become the latest trend in America. A compromise between Disneyland and Hawaii would be an ideal place to vacation. Her greatest accomplishment at the volleyball tournament was when she aced seven serves in a row. Faulty Parallelism The French, the Italians, Spanish, and Portuguese In spring, summer, or in winter It was both a long ceremony and very tedious. A time not for words, but action My income is smaller than my wife. More Faulty Parallelism The crowd that had gathered outside the court was loud and they were angry. Sir Humphry Davy, the celebrated English chemist, was an excellent literary critic as well as being a great scientist. A company is not only responsible to its shareholders but also customers and employees as well. Annie's dress was old, faded, and it had wrinkles. By the time she was two, the child was not only active but also she was well coordinated.