Transcript Le subjonctif - Alicekonde

6.1
The subjunctive: impersonal expressions;
will, opinion, and emotion
Samir ne veut pas que son père ait honte.
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6.1-1
6.1
The subjunctive: impersonal expressions;
will, opinion, and emotion
Forms of the present subjunctive
• You have already been using verb tenses in the indicative
mood. You can also use French verbs in the subjunctive
mood, which is used to express an attitude, an opinion, or
personal will, or to imply hypothesis or doubt.
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6.1-2
6.1
The subjunctive: impersonal expressions;
will, opinion, and emotion
• To form the present subjunctive of most verbs, take the
ils/elles stem of the present indicative and add the
subjunctive endings. For nous and vous, use their
imparfait forms.
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6.1-3
6.1
The subjunctive: impersonal expressions;
will, opinion, and emotion
The present subjunctive
parler
finir
attendre
parlent
finissent
attendent
que je/j’
parle
finisse
attende
que tu
parles
finisses
attendes
qu’il/elle
parle
finisse
attende
que nous
parlions
finissions
attendions
que vous
parliez
finissiez
attendiez
qu’ils/elles
parlent
finissent
attendent
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6.1-4
6.1
The subjunctive: impersonal expressions;
will, opinion, and emotion
• Use the same pattern to form the subjunctive of verbs with
spelling or stem changes.
acheter
achète, achètes, achète, achetions, achetiez, achètent
croire
croie, croies, croie, croyions, croyiez, croient
prendre
prenne, prennes, prenne, prenions, preniez, prennent
Recevoir
reçoive, reçoives, reçoive, recevions, receviez, reçoivent
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6.1-5
6.1
The subjunctive: impersonal expressions;
will, opinion, and emotion
• Some verbs are unpredictably irregular in the present
subjunctive.
aller
aille, ailles, aille, allions, alliez, aillent
avoir
aie, aies, ait, ayons, ayez, aient
être
sois, sois, soit, soyons, soyez, soient
faire
fasse, fasses, fasse, fassions, fassiez, fassent
pouvoir
puisse, puisses, puisse, puissions, puissiez, puissent
savoir
sache, saches, sache, sachions, sachiez, sachent
vouloir
veuille, veuilles, veuille, voulions, vouliez, veuillent
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6.1-6
6.1
The subjunctive: impersonal expressions;
will, opinion, and emotion
Impersonal expressions and verbs of will and emotion
• Sentences calling for the subjunctive fit the pattern
[main clause] + que + [subordinate clause]. In each case,
the subjects of the two clauses are different and que is
used to connect the clauses. Note that although the word
that is optional in English, the word que cannot be omitted
in French.
MAIN CLAUSE
CONNECTOR
SUBORDINATE CLAUSE
Il est étonnant
It is surprising
que
(that)
Thierry ne connaisse pas ses parents.
Thierry doesn’t know his parents.
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6.1-7
6.1
The subjunctive: impersonal expressions;
will, opinion, and emotion
• The subjunctive is used after many impersonal expressions
that state an opinion.
Impersonal expressions followed by the subjunctive
Ce n’est pas la peine que…
It is not worth the effort…
Il est indispensable que…
It is essential that…
Il est bon que… It is good that…
Il est nécessaire que… It is necessary that…
Il est dommage que… It is a shame that…
Il est possible que… It is possible that…
Il est essentiel que… It is essential that…
Il est surprenant que… It is surprising that…
Il est étonnant que… It is surprising that…
Il faut que… One must… /
It is necessary that…
Il est important que… It is
important that…
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Il vaut mieux que… It is better that…
6.1-8
6.1
The subjunctive: impersonal expressions;
will, opinion, and emotion
ATTENTION!
Some verbs used only in the third person singular, including
some used in impersonal expressions, have irregular present
subjunctive forms.
valoir (to be worth it): qu’il vaille
falloir (to be necessary): qu’il faille
pleuvoir (to rain): qu’il pleuve
Je ne pense pas que ça en vaille la peine.
I don’t think it’s worth the effort.
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6.1-9
6.1
The subjunctive: impersonal expressions;
will, opinion, and emotion
• When the main clause of a sentence expresses will or
emotion, use the subjunctive in the subordinate clause.
Expressions of will
Expressions of emotion
demander que… to ask that…
aimer que… to like that…
désirer que… to desire that…
avoir peur que… to be afraid that…
exiger que… to demand that…
être content(e) que… to be happy that…
préférer que… to prefer that…
être désolé(e) que… to be sorry that…
proposer que… to propose that…
être étonné(e) que… to be surprised that…
recommander que… to recommend that…
être fâché(e) que… to be mad that…
souhaiter que… to hope that…
être fier/fière que… to be proud that…
suggérer que… to suggest that…
être ravi(e) que… to be delighted that…
vouloir que… to want that…
regretter que… to regret that…
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6.1-10
6.1
The subjunctive: impersonal expressions;
will, opinion, and emotion
ATTENTION!
The verb demander is often used with an indirect object + de
+ [infinitive].
Papa nous demande de rentrer
avant minuit.
Dad is asking us to come home
before midnight.
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6.1-11
6.1
The subjunctive: impersonal expressions;
will, opinion, and emotion
Notre grand-père désire qu’on lui
rende visite cet été.
Our grandfather wants us to visit
him this summer.
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Je suis ravie que nous allions
chez notre oncle.
I’m delighted that we’re going to
our uncle’s house.
6.1-12
6.1
The subjunctive: impersonal expressions;
will, opinion, and emotion
• Although the verb espérer expresses emotion, it does not
trigger the subjunctive.
J’espère que le nouveau prof n’est
pas trop strict.
I hope that the new teacher isn’t
too strict.
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Nous espérons qu’ils ont des citrons
à la supérette.
We hope they have lemons at
the mini-market.
6.1-13