Transcript As the object

Unit 2 Working the land
Grammar
I. Warming Up
Have you ever seen these signs?
-ing forms
Parking, spitting, littering, smoking
II. Discovering
1. Find and underline the sentences in the
passage that use –ing forms.
Example:
Since then, finding ways to grow more
rice has been his life goal. (paragraph 2)
Discovering
2. Choose the sentences that use –ing forms
either as the subject or the object.
As the subject
Since then, finding ways
to grow more rice has
been his life goal.
As the object
III. As the subject
1. What have you discovered?
Compare the –ing form with a noun
and a verb.
It can be used as the subject.
V + -ing form
It can have its own object
or/and adverbial.
As the subject
2. Look at these sentences and explore more.
1) To him, swimming is much fun.
2) Walking in step is not easy.
3) It’s no use complaining.
4) It’s no good worrying about it.
5) It’s difficult finding your way around here?
6) Would you mind my opening the window?
7) Not having been trained as a dancer is my
one regret.
As the subject
3. Do Exercise 2 on page 13.
IV. As the object
1. Read the sentences from the text and try to find
It can be used as the object both of
some rules. verb and preposition.
1) As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing
the rice output.
2) Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests
without expanding the area of the fields.
3) He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong,
swimming and reading.
4) Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of
producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.
As the object
2. Look at the following sentences. What have you
found?
1) He suggested doing it in a different way.
2) The president tried to avoid answering
the reporter’s questions.
3) I admit having read your letter.
4) Mom agreed to lend me some money.
5) Jack pretended not to see me when he passed.
6) My friend offered to help when I was in trouble.
As the object
Verbs with –ing form as
their object:
Verbs with the infinitive as
their object:
admit, advise, allow,
appreciate, avoid,
complete, consider, delay,
deny, enjoy, escape,
finish, imagine, keep,
mind, miss, postpone,
practise, quit, suggest,
stop, can’t stand, can’t
help, be worth
afford, agree, arrange,
choose, decide, hope,
expect, offer, plan,
promise, determine,
demand, manage, fail,
prepare, refuse, pretend,
seem
As the object
3. Compare the three pairs of sentences.
I forgot mailing your letter.
I forgot to mail your letter.
Being early may means wasting time.
You really mean to go?
He tried working out the problem another way.
He tried to open the back door with the key.
As the object
Other verbs
remember, regret, need, want, go on, etc.
You need to take more exercise.
The batteries in that toy need changing.
The teacher went on to talk about –ing form after a
short break.
The headteacher went on talking for one hour.
As the object
4. Compare the three pairs of sentences.
I’d like to have a cup of coffee.
I like reading novels very much.
I prefer to take the next train.
I prefer going to work by bus.
Oh, I hate to leave you tomorrow.
I hate lying and cheating.
A future action
A general case
As the object
5. Compare the three pairs of sentences.
It has started to snow.
It has started snowing.
The band began to play.
The band began playing.
They continued to meet regularly.
They continued meeting regularly.
As the object
6. Do Exercise 4 on page 13.
V. Summary
• -ing form
• -ing form as the subject
• -ing form as the object
Summary
• Fill in the blanks with the verbs given in their proper form.
I used to like to go to our local cinema. It was old and rather
uncomfortable, but it had character. Now they’ve stopped ____
showing
(show) films there. The owner would have liked to go on running
______ (run)
the cinema, but to do that he needed ________
(make) a lot of
to make
spending (spend) tens of thousands of
improvements, which meant ______
watching (watch) the last film at the cinema. It
pounds. I remember _______
was a murder mystery. Five minutes from the end, when we were
to work
trying ________(work)
out who the murderer was when all the lights
suddenly went out and the film stopped. We sat in the dark for a few
to tell
minutes, and then the owner appeared with a torch. “I regret _____
(tell) you,” he said, “that we’ve had a power cut. I’m sorry to
_________
disappoint
(disappoint) you, but I’m afraid we can’t show you the end of the film.
phoning (phone) the electricity company, but they say
We’ve tried _______
to explain (explain) how the film ended.
they can’t help.” He went on _________
going
Despite this, I don’t regret ________
(go) to the cinema on its last
evening.
VI. Homework
1. Do Exercises 1 and 2 on page 50.
2. Read the following quotations and
proverbs. Then underline the -ing form
used as subject or object. Try to
translate them into Chinese.
Homework
1) Constant dripping wears away a stone.
2) Saying and doing are two different things.
3) Writing is nothing more than a guided dream.
4) Doing is better than saying.
5) There are three rules for writing the novel. Unfortunately, no
one knows what they are.
6) Writing a book of poetry is like dropping a rose petal down the
Grand Canyon and waiting for the echo.
7) Writing ought to be like running through a field.
8) Doing easily what others find difficult is talent; doing what
others think is impossible is genius.
9) Learning makes a good man better, and an ill man worse.
10) He who is ashamed of being curious is ashamed of learning.