Transcript Parts of Speech and Parts of the Sentence

Parts of Speech and Parts of the
Sentence
They ARE different!
What is the
difference
between a “part
of speech” and a
“part of the
sentence”?
Part of Speech: every word
in a sentence has a label
depending on its position
and what it is doing in the
sentence
Example: My dog has fleas.
Pronoun noun
verb
noun
Part of Sentence
Every sentence is divided into a subject
and a predicate.
 Subject= who or what the sentence is
about (always a noun or pronoun)
 Predicate=the action of the sentence;
what the subject does


Example: My dog has fleas.
Subject
Predicate
Parts of Speech
 Nouns
 Pronouns
 Adjectives
 Verbs
 Adverbs
 Prepositions
 Conjunctions
 Interjections
Nouns
 Naming
 Person,
words
Place, Thing, or
Idea
 Anything that you can see,
feel, touch, smell, hear!
Persons
Mrs. Chalkley--- teacher
 Sarah—girl
 Tom—boy
 Grandmother
 Grandfather
Places
Hagerstown—city
Antietam Battle Field—park
Maryland--state
Things
Car,
boat, train,
plane
dog, cat, cow
bracelet, beads
dish, pan
Ideas
 Difficult
to pin down
 Democracy,
 You
freedom, happiness
know they exist, but you
can’t touch them! You can see
the outward signs (flag, smile)
Pronouns
Not just nouns that went professional!
Pronoun
A
word that takes the place of a
noun
 Think of it as a “stunt double” for
the noun
 Without pronouns, your sentences
would sound awkward:

Marcia told John that Marcia liked John’s story
better than Marcia liked Marcia’s story.
Better:

Marcia told John that she liked his story better
than she liked hers.
Pronoun Antecedent
The noun that the pronoun refers to
 “Ante” means before—the antecedent
will always come before the pronoun—
sometimes even a couple sentences
before!
 EX: When the moped stalled, I gave it
a swift kick.
 Pronoun “it” refers to the noun “moped”

Adjective (modifier)
 Give
extra information about
nouns and pronouns
 Usually found directly before
or after the noun or pronoun
 How?
 Describing
 Indentifying
 Quantifying
Articles—most common adjectives
A,
an, the
They announce the arrival of a noun!
You will not find them in a sentence
without a noun following (may have
another adjective between the
article and the noun!)
Types of Adjectives: Describing
 Answer
the question “What kind?”
Examples:
The foolish friend
The blue fish
An enormous elephant
The sky is blue.
Identifying
Answers
the question
“which one?”
That guy
These foods
Those creatures
Quantifying
 Answers
the question
“how many?
 Numerous bugs
Several books
Many occasions
Four classes
Verbs
What’s happening in the sentence.
Verb
A
word that is used to
express action or a state of
being.
 Found in the predicate part
of a sentence.
 If no verb--can’t be a
sentence!
Types of Verbs
 Action
 Sam
threw the ball.
 Linking
 Sam
is tired.
Action Verbs: Mental or Physical Action?
 Physical
action: you can see or feel
the action
 Throw, run, hop, ride, sleep
 Mental
action: you can’t see the
action
 Think, wish, want
Verb cont.
 Helping
Verbs
 Memorize
the 23 helping verbs!
Group 1: is, am, are, was, were, be,
being, been
Group 2: has, have, had
Group 3: do, does, did
Group 4: shall, will, should, would
Group 5: may, might, must, can, could
Why “helping” verb?
Tells the reader when
the action happens:
 Present
 Past
 Future
Example of Helping Verb use
I
will fly to Texas.
I flew to Texas last
week.
I am flying to Texas.
Common Linking Verbs
 Is,
am, are, was, were, be,
being, been (the verb
“to be”
 appear,
become, feel,
seem, smell, taste, and
sound.
Linking Verbs
 They
express states of being—what
is, will be, or was
 Think of them as a giant equal
(
=
) sign in your sentence.
 Example:
I am tired.
 I = tired.

Adverbs
 Modify
verbs by answering the
question “how?”
Joe speaks loudly when he is
excited.
How does Joe speak? Loudly
Adverbs continued…
 Adverbs
can also modify:
 Adjectives
 Adverbs
 And
entire phrases
Examples
Joe had a really great time at the party.
 How great a time? A really great… great
is an adjective modifying time…


Joe turned me out very rudely after I
started talking.
How rudely? Very rudely
How did he tune me out? rudely
Important!
If
a word ends
in ‘ly,” it
probably is an
adverb!!!