Transcript Espanol III - The Preterite Review PPT

The Preterite
The Simple Past Tense
The Preterite Tense
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The Preterite Tense is used to show
actions that have happened in
the past.
Example: Josh attended Mr. Petula’s
class.
Example: Dawn painted Katie a
picture for her birthday.
The Endings
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As in English, Spanish adds an
ending to the verb to make it in the
preterite tense.
In English you would say that Josh
attended, Dawn painted…
In Spanish there are 6 different
types of endings to express the
preterite tense.
1) AR Verbs
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Endings for
-é
-aste
-ó
AR Verbs
-amos
-asteis
-aron
These endings are added to most
-ar verbs.
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Irregulars of AR Verbs
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AR verbs ending in –car, -gar, -zar
change.
First Person Singular only.
Why?
The changes occur in the first
person singular because the c and
g before an e make it a soft sound.
The z before an e does not exist.
…..therefore….
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For –car verbs the ending would be
-qué. Example Toqué
For –gar verbs the ending would be
-gué. Example Jugué
For –zar verbs the ending would be
-cé. Example Empecé.
2) ER/IR Verbs
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Endings for ER/IR Verbs
-í
-imos
-iste
-isteis
-ió
-ieron
These endings are added to most
-er verbs.
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Irregulars for ER/IR Verbs
1. The yó/yeron verbs
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ER/IR verbs ending with double
vowels will change.
Third Person Singular and Plural.
Why? 3 Vowels.
Example: Creió, Creieron;
Oió, Oieron; Caió, Caieron.
….so…..
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Instead of using an i in the third
person singular and plural forms,
change the i to y.
Example: Creer- creyó, creyeron
Oir- oyó, oyeron
Caer- cayó, cayeron
Stem Changers or “Sandal Verbs” in
ER/IR Preterite Verbs
There are 2 types of verbs in the
Preterite Tense that have a Stem
Change. The Stem Change occurs in
the third person positions.
 Types: e-i & o-u
serví
servimos morí
morimos
serviste servisteis moriste moristeis
sirvió
sirvieron murió murieron
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3) Dar and Ver
These are two strange verbs that
have the ER/IR endings but without
accents.
Dar
Ver
di
dimos
vi
vimos
diste disteis
visteis viste
dio
dieron
vio
vieron
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4) The 9 Irregular Preterite Verbs
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These nine irregulars all use the
same endings with no accents.
Endings:
-e
-imos
-iste
-isteis
-o
-ieron
4) The 9 Irregulars Stem Changers
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Andar- anduvTener- tuvEstar- estuvPoner- pusPoder- pudSaber- supHacer- hic- (hizo)
Querer- quisVenir- vin-
5) –cir Ending Verbs and Traer
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Any verb ending with –cir and the
verb traer fall into this category.
They all use the following endings:
-e
-imos
-iste -isteis
-o
-eron
*The endings are the same as the Irregular endings except for the
“i” in the 3rd person plural.
5) –cir Ending Verbs and Traer
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
The verb stems you would add
these endings to are as followed:
Decir- dijConducir- condujProducir- produjTraducir- tradujTraer- traj-
6) Ir and Ser
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The verbs ir (to go) and ser (to be)
are strange unusual verbs they are
conjugated the same.
fui
fuiste
fue
fuimos
fuisteis
fueron
*ser is rarely used in the preterite tense.
Good luck with the Preterite!
¡Buena Suerte!