Transcript 4.1 – The Subjunctive with verbs of emotion

THE SUBJUNCTIVE
An intuitive guide into the realm of the hopefully-not-somuch unknown…
Presented by: Andy Carluccio, JD Smeallie, and Jackson Mote
TB Sections 3.3-5.1
WHAT IS THE SUBJUNCTIVE?
The subjunctive is a tense that is used in the following
situations
W - Wishes
E - Emotions
I - Impersonal Expressions
R - Recommendations
D - Doubt
O - Ojalá
It refers to a person, place,
thing, or idea that either
does not exist or whose
existence is uncertain or
indefinite.
HOW DO WE FORM THE
SUBJUNCTIVE?
Independent Clause
Uses the
indicative for
verb conjugation
and describes
one of the
WEIRDO
scenarios
que
Connects the
clauses
Dependent Clause
Uses the
subjunctive for
verb conjugation
3.3 PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE OF
REGULAR VERBS
How to form the Subjunctive:
1) Take the “yo” form of a verb
2) Replace the “o” with one of these endings based on its verb ending
-Ar Verbs
-Er Verbs
-Ir Verbs
Yo
-e
-a
-a
Tú
-es
-as
-as
Ud./él/ella
-e
-a
-a
Nosotros
-emos
-amos
-amos
-
-
-
-
Uds./ellos/ellas
-en
-an
-an
PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE IRREGULAR
VERBS
Infinitive
Present Yo Form of The Subjunctive
Conducir
Conduzca
Conocer
Conozca
Decir
Diga
Hacer
Haga
Ofrecer
Ofrezca
Oír
Oiga
Parecer
Parezca
Poner
Ponga
Tener
Tenga
Traducir
Traduzca
Traer
Traiga
Venir
Venga
Ver
Vea
PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE
IRREGULAR VERBS CONTINUED
Dar
Estar
Ir
Saber
Ser
Yo
Dé
Esté
Vaya
Sepa
Sea
Tú
Des
Estés
Vayas
Sepas
Seas
Ud./él/e Dé
lla
Esté
Vaya
Sepa
Sea
Nosotros Demos
Estemos
Vayamo Sepamo Seamos
s
s
Uds./ello Den
s/ellas
Estén
Vayan
Sepan
Sean
MORE IRREGULARS
• Car, Gar, Zar Verbs:
• Sacar: Saque, Saque, Saquemos, Saquen
• Jugar: Juegue, juegues, juguemos, Juegue
• Almorzar: almuerce, almuerces, almuerce, almorcemos,
almuercen
PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE OF
STEM-CHANGING VERBS
• -Er and –Ar Verbs have the same stem changes in the
subjunctive as they do in the present indicative
• For example Pensar (e:ie) would be… Piense, pienses,
piense, pensemos, piensen
• For –Ir stem changing verbs they have the same stem
changes as they do in the present indicative, but the
nosotros form has a stem change…
• For example Pedir (e:i) would be… pida, pidas, pida,
pidamos, pidan
3.4- SUBJUNCTIVE WITH VERBS OF
WILL AND INFLUENCE
• Verbs of will and influence are used when
someone wants to affect the actions or
behavior of other people.
• Sentence structure:
Verb of Will
Connector
Subjunctive
• Mi mamá prefiere que yo saque la basura.
3.4 CONTINUED
Verbs of will and influence
Aconsejar
Desear
Importar
Insistir (en)
Mandar
Necesitar
Pedir (e:i)
Preferir (e:ie)
Prohibir
Querer (e:ie)
Recomendar (e:ie)
Rogar (o:ue)
Sugerir (e:ie)
to advise
to wish; to desire
to be important; to matter
to insist (on)
to order
to need
to ask (for)
to prefer
to prohibit
to want
to recommend
to beg; to plead
to suggest
3.4 EXAMPLES
1) Enrique quiere que salgamos a cenar.
Enrique wants us to go out to dinner.
2) Maite prefiere que cenemos en casa.
Maite prefers that we have dinner at home.
PRACTICE PROBLEMS
1. Te sugiero que ______(ir) con ella al
supermercado.
2. No queremos que ella _______(hacer) nada
especial para nosotros
3. Mi madre quiere que yo _______(limpiar) mi
cuarto
4. Recomiendo que ustedes ________(pasar) la
aspiradora
5. Mi amigo necesita que yo le _________ (prestar)
dinero
4.1 – THE SUBJUNCTIVE WITH VERBS
OF EMOTION
The Subjunctive is used when you describe your feelings about something
Principle Clause will
contain something about
how you feel
Conjugated “normally”
que
Dependent Clause will contain
the verb that will be conjugated
in the subjunctive
Common Verbs for Expressions of Emotion
Alegrarse, Esperar, Gustar, Molestar, Sentir, Sproender, Temer
Tener miedo (de), Es extraño , Es una lástima , Es redículo
Es terrible, Es triste, Ojalá
4.1 EXAMPLES
• Me molesta que la gente no recicle el plástico.
• It bothers me that people don’t recycle plastic.
• Es triste que no tenga Sr. Christmann en el próximo año.
• It is sad that I don’t have Sr. Christmann next year.
• Ojalá que Sr. Christmann nos dé una A+.
• I hope that Sr. Christmann gives us an A+.
4.1 PRACTICE
descubran
• Ojalá que ellos ____________(descubrir)
nuevas formas
de energía.
quieran (querer)
• Me alegro de que mis amigos ________
conservar la naturaleza.
vengas
• Espero que tú _________(venir)
a la reunión del Club de
Ecología.
4.2 – THE SUBJUNCTIVE WITH
DOUBT, DISBELIEF, AND DENIAL
The Subjunctive is used in the dependent clause of a
sentence with a principle clause containing
doubt, disbelief, and denial.
Principle Clause will
contain something
expressing doubt
Conjugated “normally”
que
Dependent Clause will contain
the verb that will be conjugated
in the subjunctive
Doubt Expressions
Dudar, Negar, No creer, No estar seguro (de), No es cierto , No es
seguro, No es verdad, Es imposible, Es improbable, (no) Es posible, (no) Es
probable
4.2 CONTINUED
When an expression that has a principle clause
expressing certainty, the dependent clause will use the
indicative.
Certainty Expressions
No dudar
No cabe duda de
No hay duda de
No negar
Creer
Estar seguro
Es cierto
Es seguro
Es verdad
Es obvio
4.2 EXAMPLES
• Es imposible que nuestro clase falle el exámen final.
• It is impossible that our class will fail the final exam.
• Dudo que el gobierno resuelva el problema.
• I doubt that the government will solve the problem.
• Es verdad que Washington es una ciudad sucia.
• It is true that Washington is a dirty city.
4.2 PRACTICE
Subjuntivo o indicativo???
trabajen
1. Dudo que ellos __________
(trabajar).
come
2. Es cierto que él ___________
(comer) mucho.
salgan
3. Es imposible que ellos _________
(salir).
4.3- THE SUBJUNCTIVE WITH
CONJUNCTIONS
Conjunctions are words or phrases that connect other
words and clauses in sentences. Certain conjunctions
commonly introduce adverbial clauses, which describe
how, why, when, and where an action takes place.
Main clause
Conjunction
Adverbial clause
Vamos a visitar a Carlos antes de que regrese a California
We are going to visit Carlos before he returns to California
4.3 CONTINUED
• Conjunctions that require the subjunctive
a menos que
unless
antes de que
con tal de que
en caso de que
para que
sin que
before
provided that
in case (that)
so that
without
• Conjunctions used with subjunctive or indicative
cuando
when
despues de que
en cuanto
hasta que
tan pronto como
after
as soon as
until
as soon as
4.3 EXAMPLES
1) Voy a dejar un recado en caso de que Gustavo me
llame.
I’m going to leave a message in case Gustavo calls me.
2) Voy al supermercado para que tengas algo de
comer.
I’m going to the store so that you’ll have something to
eat.
PRACTICE PROBLEMS
1. Voy a estudiar ecologia cuando ________(ir) a la
universidad.
2. No podemos evitar la lluvia acida a menos que
todos ______ (trabajar) juntos.
3. Siempre recogemos mucha basura cuando
________(ir) al parque.
4. El gobierno debe crear mas parques nacionales
antes de que los bosques y rios _______(estar)
completamente contaminados.
5. La gente recicla con tal de que no _______(ser)
dificil.
5.1 THE SUBJUNCTIVE IN
ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
• The Subjunctive is a tense that refers to a person, place,
thing, or idea that either does not exist or whose
existence is uncertain or indefinite.
WHEN TO USE THE
INDICATIVE
• When The adjective clause refers to a person. Place,
thing, or idea that is clearly known, certain, or definite,
the indicative is used
• Examples:
• Quiero ir al supermercado que vende productos venezolanos
• I want to go to the supermarket that sells venezuelan
products
• Busco al profesor que enseña japonés
• Im looking for the professor who teaches Japanese
WHEN TO USE THE SUBJUNCTIVE
• The subjunctive is commonly used in questions with
adjective clauses when the speaker is trying to find out
information about which he or she is uncertain
• Example:
• Hay un parque que esté cerca de nuestro hotel?
Is there a park that’s near our hotel?
Si, hay un parque que está muy cerca del hotel
yes, there’s a park that’s very near the hotel
WORDS THAT ARE COMMONLY
USED WITH THE SUBJUNCTIVE
• Buscar
• Haber
• No Encontrar
• Conocer
• Haber
• Necesitar
• Querer
PRACTICE PROBLEMS
• Dudamos que tú___________(saber) esgirmir, Mentirosa!
• No dudo que tú ________(ser) Diferentes pero no menos
difciles .