Transcript Using Quotations

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Use quotations to support a point you
have made.
Avoid using too many quotations or
unnecessarily long ones.
Make sure that your quotes provide
critical analysis.
Do not refer to your quote as a quote
within the text of your paper.
Make sure your citation and
punctuation are correct.
reiterate or summarize plot.
Ex. “Walton and Frankenstein meet in the
mysterious white world of the ice-bound
Artic” (Goldberg 277).
state fact.
Ex. “Mary Shelley was only nineteen
when she wrote Frankenstein” (Abbey
245).
come from an unacceptable source.
Ex. According to my mother, “Frankenstein is a
wonderful horror story.”
Ex. Cliff’s Notes say, “Frankenstein has stirred
the imagination of generations of readers”
(16).
Introduced Quote:
Critic Richard Horne asserts, “The monster
created by Frankenstein is also an illustration
of the embodied consequences of our actions”
(261).
Integrated Quote:
More than anything else the novel functions
as “an illustration of the embodied
consequences of our actions” (Horne 261).
Frankenstein shows what happens when man
forgets his responsibility to his fellow man.
“The monster created by Frankenstein is
also an illustration of the embodied
consequences of our actions” (Horne 261).
DO NOT USE A FLOATING QUOTE –
EVER!!!!
You may introduce a quote with a verb such as
“says,” but you should also look for other verbs that
add variety (i. e. “comments,” “notes,” “asserts,”
“claims”).
Example:
Robert Walton claims, “I had rather die than
return shamefully, my purpose unfulfilled”
(Shelley 160).
Note: If you introduce with a verb, you must
put a comma after the verb.
You may also introduce a quote with a sentence and
a colon.
Example:
Robert Walton reveals his unbridled ambition
when he discusses the prospect of abandoning
his journey: “I had rather die than return
shamefully, my purpose unfulfilled” (Shelley
160).
Caution: Do not use a colon unless the words
before it constitute a complete sentence and
the quote is a logical support for that sentence.
All introduced quotes should begin
with a capital letter.
If the quote you are introducing does not begin
with a capital letter in its original form, you
must change lower case to upper case. Anytime
you make changes to a direct quotation, you
must use brackets [ ] to show that you have
made a change.
(See examples on next slide)
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Nitchie observes, “The monster himself is the
earliest creation of Mary’s and is probably her
best, most subtle, most perceptive
characterization” (275).
(the original quote began with a capital letter so nothing is changed)
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Nitchie notes, “[T]he earliest creation of the
monster is probably her most complete
characterization due to her attention to detail
in her vivid descriptions” (275).
(the original quote did not begin with a capital letter so the brackets
signify the change that was made)
Integrating the quote means making the
quoted material part of your own sentence.
Example:
The novel illustrates “the embodied
consequences of our actions” in the form
of the monster himself (Horne 261).
NOTE – THE CITATION IS AT THE END OF THE
SENTENCE, NOT AT THE END OF THE QUOTED
MATERIAL.
When you integrate a quote, you are
making it part of your sentence; as a
result, you may have to make some
changes in the quote itself.
The next 2 slides show changes that are
sometimes necessary when the quote is
integrated.
Integrated quotes may require that a capital
letter be put in lower case.
Example:
He evokes our sympathy because
“[t]he monster has the perception and
desire of goodness, but is delivered
over to evil” (Birkhead 266).
Note: The position of “the” in the sentence does not require a
capital letter. Since it was capitalized in the original quote, the
brackets denote the change.
Because the integrated quote is part of your own
sentence, you may have to change verb tenses
and/or person in order to maintain consistency.
Quote: Victor states, "The forms of the beloved
dead flit before me, and I hasten to their
arms” (Shelley 162).
Integrated: Victor confides to Walton that
“[t]he forms of the beloved dead flit before
[him], and [he] hasten[s] to their arms”
(Shelley 162).
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If the author of the quote is not identified
before the quote begins, place author
name and page number of the quote in
parentheses after the quote and put the
period after the parentheses.
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If the author is identified before you
begin the quote, put only the page
number on which you found the quote in
parentheses and then the period after the
parentheses.
When quoting someone who is quoting someone else, show that it
is a quote within a quote by using a single quotation mark inside the
double quotation marks. When quoting only the dialogue from a
book, you do not need to put quotes within quotes.
No quote within quote needed:
The narrator sadly recalls Frankenstein’s last words:
“Farewell, Walton! Seek happiness in tranquility and
avoid ambition” (Shelley 162).
Quote within quote needed:
Birkhead rationalizes, “Frankenstein’s last words
‘Farewell, Walton! Seek happiness in tranquility and
avoid ambition’ are used as a true ending to the novel as
well as a symbolic ending of the doctor’s innocence”(84).
Sometimes it is desirable to leave out part of a
quote. When you do so, you must use an ellipses to
show where you have left out the words.
Original:
Horne asserts, “The monster created by
Frankenstein and shunned by society is also
an illustration of the embodied consequences
of our actions”
(261).
With Ellipses:
Horne asserts, “The monster . . . is also an
illustration of the embodied consequences
of our actions” (271).
Ellipses are typed with a space between each
period (. . .)
Ellipses are usually not necessary at the beginning
of your quote. If it seems as if you need ellipses
at the beginning of an introduced quote, it is
probably a better option to integrate the quote.
Ellipses are necessary if you take words out of the
middle of the quote and if you end the introduced
quote before the end of a sentence.
Note: If the author you are quoting uses ellipsis points,
you should distinguish them from your ellipses by
putting square brackets around the ones you add.
In general you should avoid long
quotations, but if you do use a
quotation longer than 4 lines, you
must indent the entire quote 2 tabs,
do not use quotation marks, and put
the period at the end of the sentence
- before the parenthetical
documentation.
Paraphrase the material: You can use the ideas
of the critic but put the ideas in your own
words. A paraphrase should be the same
length or longer than the original.
Summarize the material: Summarize the
material when you need to say in a sentence
or two what the author has said in a
paragraph or two. The summary is shorter
than the original.
With a paraphrase or a summary, you do not use
quotation marks; however, the information must be
introduced and must have documentation afterwards.
Quoting poetry is somewhat different from
quoting prose.
If you quote more than one line of poetry, you
need to use a slash mark (/) to show where
the line breaks are.
Example. As he is dying, Beowulf says, “I sold
my life / For this treasure, and I sold it
well” (806-07) .
Line #’s
Punctuation is space / space.
When you are quoting poetry, you
set in 2 tabs when you have more
than 3 lines. When you set the lines
in, you type the poetry exactly as it
appears on the page; therefore, you
will not need the slash marks.
Quotes are used for support of
points you are making. Make sure
that they do indeed support the points
and that they are smoothly woven
into your writing. You may need to
follow the quote with some
explanation, but do not insult your
reader by simply telling him what the
quote says.