Transcript Verbals

Verbals
English 11
Verbals
• Definition: A word that is formed from a
verb but functions as a different part of
speech.
• Verbals can function as nouns, adjectives,
adverbs, and verbs.
Parts of Speech Review
• Noun: a person, place, thing, or idea. A noun can be the
subject or object (direct, indirect, object of a preposition)
in a sentence.
o Examples:
o principal (person) The principal screamed. (subject)
o Virginia (place) Many people visit Virginia yearround. (dir. ob.)
o dog (thing) We gave the dog some treats. (indirect
object)
o happiness (idea) Her idea of happiness is a warm
puppy. (object of preposition)
Parts of speech Review
• Adjectives: Words that modify nouns.
oExamples:
otall, funny, broken, favorite, lovely
Parts of speech Review
• Verbs: Words that show action or state of
being.
o Examples:
• Action words: jump, think, kick,
follow
• State of being words: am, are, be,
been, being, is, was, were
Parts of Speech Review
• Adverbs: Words that modify verb, adjectives, or
other adverbs. These words answer the following
questions: where?, when?, how?, to what extent?
o Examples:
• Where?: there, here, inside, outside
• When?: now, never, tomorrow, yesterday
• How?: slowly, quietly, skillfully,
• To what extent?: very, much, so, quite
Types of verbals
• There are 3 different types of verbals.
o Gerund
o Participle
o Infinitive
Each type of verbal may function as just one
part of speech or multiple parts of speech.
Gerund
• Definition: A verbal that ends with –ing
and functions as a noun.
o Example:
• Skiing is my favorite winter sport.
Skiing is functioning as the subject of
the sentence.
Gerunds in context
• I like to sing while cooking.
o cooking
• Sprinting is my favorite thing to practice
when I am running.
o sprinting
• While I am relaxing at the beach, I enjoy
reading.
o reading
Participle
• Definition: A verbal that functions as an
adjective.
• There are two types of participles: past and
present.
o Present participles end in –ing.
o Past participles usually end with –ed or –en.
o Examples:
• the flying fish (present participle)
• the broken window (past participle)
Participles in context
• There is a house in New Orleans they call The Rising
Sun.
o rising
• While I was cooking, I almost burned myself with the
boiling water.
o Boiling
• Totally confused, he walked away from the wrecked car.
o wrecked
• After drinking the spoiled milk, he was rushed to the
doctor’s office.
o spoiled
Infinitives
• Definition: A verbal which consists of the word
to plus a verb in its simplest form.
o Infinitives can function as different parts of
speech which include noun, verb, adjective,
and adverb.
o Don’t confuse infinitives with prepositional
phrases.
• I want to graduate on time (infinitive)
• I went to the store yesterday. (prepositional
phrase)
Infinitives in Context
• To wait for the movie seemed foolish to him.
o to wait
• Everyone wanted to go to the movies.
o to go
• I have a paper to write before I go to the football
game.
o to write
• His ambition is to fly solo to Antarctica.
o to fly