Transcript Lifelong Nutrition Needs

The following photographs
represent a week’s worth of food for families
around the world.
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Which families consume more fruits and
vegetables?
Which families consume LEAN protein?
Which consume more empty calorie snack
foods?
 Answer
the questions as we go
through the pictures of each
family
Family in Italy
Family from Germany
Family from Bhutan
Family from Ecuador
Family from Mexico
Family from Chad
Family from the United States
We are the nation with the richest food
supply in the world.
Special dietary needs
Hydration
Nutrition goals
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9.NPA.1.2 Organize meal plans to meet
special dietary needs for athletes, pregnant
women, diabetics, and those experiencing
allergies.
9.NPA.1.3 Recognize the benefits of folic acid
and other vitamins and minerals
9.NPA.2.3 Summarize the effects of hydration
and dehydration and preventive measures for
dehydration
9.NPA.2.1 Plan vegetarian diets that are
balanced and nutrient dense
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Age
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Food allergies
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Gender
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Lactose intolerance
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Activity Level
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Celiac disease
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Pregnancy
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Diabetes
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High blood
pressure
High cholesterol
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Your body needs more calories during your
teen years to support growth
As you get older your needs will change
based on activity level
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On average, females tend to need fewer
calories than males
Throughout their lives, females have a greater
need for some nutrients
◦ Iron & Calcium
◦ Pregnant women need extra nutrients as well as
calories
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The more active you are, the more calories
your body needs
Teen athletes may need from 2,000-5,000
calories per day, depending on their sport
and on the intensity, length, and frequency of
training
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Teen girls should drink about 9 cups of noncaffeinated fluids each day
Teen boys should drink 13 cups
Preferably WATER
Athletes need more water due to the fact
when sweating the body loses fluids. Fluids
must be replaced to avoid a heatstroke or
dehydration
Symptoms of dehydration include fatigue,
dizziness, and lightheadness
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An unborn baby receives nourishment from
the mother
Need to consume an additional 300 calories
per day to achieve a healthy weight gain
Females at a healthy weight before pregnancy
can gain between 25-35 lbs.
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Gaining too little weight can result in a small,
underdeveloped baby
Gaining too much weight can result in an early
delivery
◦ Increase mother’s risk of high blood pressure, diabetes, and
varicose veins
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Pregnant females are encouraged to take prenatal
vitamins to provide a balance of nutrients:
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Calcium
Protein
Iron
Vitamin A
Vitamin B complex
Folic acid
 Reduces the risk of having a baby with a serious birth defect
 Spina bifida– born with a spine that is not closed
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Must monitor their eating carefully
Blood sugar must stay in a healthy range
Diabetics who use insulin must tailor the
amount of insulin they inject to the amount
of carbohydrates in the foods they eat
Some people can control their diabetes
without medication and just by carefully
controlling the carbohydrates in foods and
beverages they consume
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Can range from simply annoying to life
threatening
People with severe food allergies must avoid
the foods and ingredients they are allergic to
They must carefully check the ingredients on
food labels and when dining out make sure to
ask their server specific questions about how
the food is prepared
Food Allergies Report
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People with this food intolerance can’t easily
digest the lactose in milk and some dairy
products
Solutions:
◦ Consume smaller amounts of milk or get your
calcium from cheese and yogurt, which contain less
lactose
◦ Take lactase (the enzyme needed to digest lactose)
in liquid or tablet form when they eat dairy
products
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Gluten intolerance
◦ This condition makes people unable to tolerate a
protein called gluten
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Gluten is found in wheat, rye, and barley
Treatment:
◦ Avoid these grains and anything made from them,
including bread and pasta
◦ There are many gluten-free options available in the
grocery store, you just have to look!
◦ Managing Celiac Disease
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“Silent Killer”
◦ Can result in heart problems, stroke, or kidney
problems with few or no warning symptoms
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Eating salt can raise a person’s blood
pressure
This effect is stronger in some individuals
than others
People with high blood pressure are often
encouraged to keep their salt intake low
Eat to Lower Blood Pressure
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Cholesterol= a waxy, fat-like substance in
your blood
◦ Needed to create cell walls, certain hormones, and
vitamin D
◦ Too much cholesterol can build up and clog arteries
◦ Raises your risk of heart disease
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People with high cholesterol may need to
reduce their intake of saturated fats and trans
fats
◦ These fats increase cholesterol production in the
body
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Need a balanced diet that supplies enough
nutrients to support health
Need more calories to provide additional fuel
Need more protein and carbohydrates then
inactive people
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Some athletes may try to gain an extra edge
by using performance enhancers.
Performance enhancers- substances that
boost athletic ability.
Many of these substances pose health risk
especially for teens.
Using performance enhancers is illegal and
has been banned under the rules of many
sports organizations
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Anabolic Steroids
◦ Dangerous drug, illegal without doctor’s prescription, have
same effects of male hormones (androgens) in the body, boost
muscle growth
Androstenedione
◦ Weaker form of androgens that the body produces naturally.
Athletes take it to build muscle however actual benefits are
doubtful
Creatine
◦ Helps release energy, gives quick burst of power and reduces
muscle fatigue. However it can hurt performance due to side
effects ( cramps and nausea) high doses damage heart, liver
and kidneys
Energy Drinks
◦ Contain high amounts of caffeine. Provide quick energy in unhealthful way by
increasing heart rate. Can hurt performance due to losing fluids, leading to
dehydration
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Provides body with energy it needs to get
through competition
Eat 3 or 4 hours before competition
Choose meals high in carbohydrates and low
in fat and protein
Fat and protein stay in digestive system for a
longer time
Pasta, rice, vegetables, breads and fruits are
good choices to eat before competition
Drink plenty of water before, during and after
competition
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Vegetarian- person who eats mostly or only
plant-based foods
Strictest vegetarian only eat plant based
foods and are known as vegans.
Other types of vegetarians include
◦ Lacto-ovo vegetarians who also is dairy foods and
eggs
◦ Lacto vegetarians who add dairy foods to their diet
◦ Ovo vegetarians include eggs to their diet
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Many believe is more healthful to choose a
meatless diet
Others are vegetarians for religious, cultural,
or economic reasons or because they prefer
vegetarian foods
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Lower in saturated fat and cholesterol
Higher in fiber
Reduce risk of cardiovascular disease
Reduce risk of some types of cancer
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Lower certain nutrients such as protein, iron,
calcium, zinc, and some B vitamins
Some vegetarians may need to take a dietary
supplement- products that supply one or
more nutrients as a supplement to, not a
substitute for healthful food
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Contains a variety of foods including plenty
of vegetables, fruits, and whole-grain foods
Choices such as nuts and legumes, as well as
eggs and diary products, can help vegetarians
consume enough protein
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You will now work on creating a goal for
eating healthy and exercising
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A well-written goal should have these
characteristics:
Doable
◦ Something you can realistically accomplish in the
next 3 weeks.
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Specific
◦ It gives clear details of what you want to do.
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Measurable
◦ It allows you to determine or measure if you have
accomplished your goal at the end of 3 weeks.
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Poorly Written: I want to exercise more.
Well-written: I will jog 3 days each week for at least
20 minutes each time.
Poorly Written: I will eat less junk food.
Well-written: I will only eat 1 serving of fats, oils, or
sweets each day.
Poorly Written: I will eat more fruit and lift weights
more often.
Well-written: (Choose one) I will eat 3 servings of
fruit each day. OR I will lift weights for 30 minutes 3
times each week.
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Imagine that you have been asked to write an
advice column that focuses on health issues
for the local newspaper. Prepare a response
to the following letters.
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A friend is trying to lose weight and has been
eating very little. He drinks water and take
vitamins and other dietary supplements. Is
this a safe practice?
I’m worried about my grandmother. She is
drinking some liquid that her friend told her
would make her stronger. She doesn’t eat
much to begin with. I’m afraid that this stuff
is taking the place of real food. What should I
do?