Transcript Operating Systems

MI021 / CS021
Computers in Management
April 27, 2006
Software Markets
Topics Covered
• Operating Systems & Software Markets
– Competition Among Operating Systems
and Computing Platforms
– The Linux Challenge
• The evolving software market
– mySQL – open source beyond Linux
– Salesforce.com, ASPs, and software as a
service
Software
Operating Systems
control hardware and provide an environment in
which applications execute
Application Programs
end-user program that performs a specific function
applications
Individual examples: word processor, spreadsheet.
operating system
Collections of apps: Office (suite), SAP R/3 (ERP)
Applets
small application programs which execute within a
larger environment (e.g. Java applets within
browser)
Most Computer Programs...
… are written for an Operating System (Windows, Macintosh, etc.)
& compiled for a microprocessor (Intel x86, Power, Sun
UltraSPARC, Compaq Alpha, etc.). Compiled code is ready to be
executed by the appropriate microprocessor (fast).
RealPlayer for
Windows
Windows
Compiler
Intel
code
10010
01001...
DrawWindow()…
…
RealPlayer
for Macintosh
GetWindow()…
…
Macintosh
Compiler
Intel
code
11010
01011...
PowerPC 01011
00101...
code
"[The Windows API] is so deeply embedded in the source code
of many Windows apps that there is a huge switching cost to
using a different operating system instead. It is this switching
cost that has given the customers the patience to stick with
Windows through all our mistakes, our buggy drivers, our high
TCO [total cost of ownership], our lack of a sexy vision at times,
and many other difficulties. Customers constantly evaluate other
desktop platforms, [but] it would be so much work to move over
that they hope we just improve Windows rather than force them
to move."
-- Microsoft C++ general manager Aaron Contorer explains Windows' greatest selling
point in a 1997 memo to Bill Gates.
[source: San Jose Mercury News GMSV]
Competition in the OS Space
Microsoft
Consumer
Devices
Windows Mobile
Xbox
Personal
Computers
Windows XP
Mutli-User
Systems
Windows Server
2003
Microsoft TV
Windows XP Tablet PC
Windows XP Media Center Edition
Competition Palm (handheld)
Liberate (set top)
Sony
Linux
Apple
Apple
Unix (Sun, IBM,
HP / Compaq)
Linux
A Growth Stock No More?
The Microsoft Stimulus Package
• In ’04 Microsoft returned
$9 billion to individual
investors that hold the
stock (excluding all the
institutions & funds).
• The Bush child tax credit
returned $14 billion.
• Bill Gates has pledged all
$3.4 billion to his
charitable foundation.
Comments from Windows Source Code
private\genx\shell\inc\prsht.w:
// we are such morons. Wiz97 underwent a redesign between IE4 and IE5
private\shell\ext\ftp\ftpdrop.cpp:
// We have to do this only because Exchange is a moron.
private\shell\shdoc401\unicpp\desktop.cpp:
// We are morons. We changed the IDeskTray interface between IE4
private\shell\browseui\itbar.cpp:
// should be fixed in the apps themselves. Morons! .
Fear the Penguin?
Desktop Market
Server Market