Transcript Presentation: Operating systems

Operating systems
Skills: none
IT concepts: popular operating systems, opensource vs proprietary software, operating system
functions, device drivers, TCP/IP, virtualization
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoncommercialShare Alike 3.0 License.
Where does this topic fit?
• Internet concepts
– Applications
– Technology
– Implications for
• Internet skills
– Application development
– Content creation
Popular operating systems
Windows 7
Linux
OS X
Popular operating systems
Proprietary
Microsoft
Open
source
Proprietary
Apple
Open source
• Free as in free beer
• Free as in free speech
Main things the operating system does
• Execute user commands
• Manage files and their locations in storage
• Switch the CPU from one program to
another
• Manage memory and storage
• Interface with hardware devices.
Execute user commands, delete a file
Graphical user interface (GUI)
Drag to the recycle bin
Command line user interface (CLI)
Execute user commands, run a program
Manage data and program files
Allocate CPU time
Windows task manager: Ctrl+Alt+Del
Transferring two files to another computer at the
same time
I could be doing a foreground task like word
processing or Web surfing at the same time.
Manage memory, storage and other resources
• Memory garbage collection
• Disk swapping
• Others
Windows resource manager: Ctrl+Alt+Del > Resource monitor
Slugish PC needs more memory
Interface with I/O, storage and other devices
You might add new input output and storage devices to
your computer after you buy it, so the operating system
must be open-ended.
New devices come with interface programs called
device drivers.
Memory
Operating system
Driver for
device 1
Driver for
device 2
Driver for
device 3
...
Driver for
device n
The Internet is essentially a (very big complex) input
and output device for a computer connected to it.
The interface programs for the Internet have the catchy
name TCP/IP.
Memory
Operating system
Driver for
device 1
Driver for
device 2
Driver for
device 3
TCP/IP
...
Driver for
device n
Device interface programs are called device drivers
Interface with the Internet is a suite of programs called TCP/IP
TCP/IP is like a device driver for the Internet
Virtualization
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Operating system 1
Prog
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Operating system 2
Prog
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Operating system 3
Windows and Mac OS-X
But, virtualization is primarily used on servers.
A few questions
We covered five of the most important things an
operating system does. Without looking back, can
you recall what they were?
Device drivers
Is a device driver hardware, software, or both?
When you purchase a new device like a Web
camera, who supplies the device driver?
Do popular operating systems like Windows include
TCP/IP or must you download and install it before
you can connect your computer to the Internet?
If a vending machine were
connected to the Internet,
would it need a computer
inside? Would it have to
run TCP/IP software?
There are no applications running, yet 51% of
memory is in use. Why is that?
There are no applications running, yet 13% of
CPU capacity is tied up. Why is that?
Operating systems
Skills: none
IT concepts: popular operating systems, opensource vs proprietary software, operating system
functions, device drivers, TCP/IP, virtualization
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoncommercialShare Alike 3.0 License.