Transcript Document

COMPUTER SYSTEM ORGANISATION
A computer system consists of :1. Hard ware
2.
Software
HARDWARE:- Hardware represents the physical and
tangible components of the computer it self that is
those components which we can be touched and seen.
For eg. Input devices, out put devices, CPU and all
electronic ccts
SOFTWARE:- A sequence of instructions or set of
instructions given to a computer to perform a
particular task (or that tell the computer what to do,
when to do) is called software or program
Software mainly two types
1. System or operating software
2.
application software
HARD WARE SOFT WARE
INPUT
DEVICES
OUTPUT
DEVICES
MEMORY
DEVICES
CPU
For e.g.
SYSTEM OR
OPERATING
SOFTWARE
APPLICATION
SOFTWARE
BASIC DIGITAL COMPUTER
CPU
CONTROL
UNIT
IN PUT
DEVICE
ALU
OUT PUT
DEVICE
MAIN
MEMORY
DATA
AUX
MEMORY
CONTROL SIGNAL
USER
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
OPERATING SYSTEM
BIOS
HARD WARE
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
SYSTEM OR
OPERATING
SOFTWARE
APPLICATION
SOFTWARE
It is made up of control programs, It is a
series set of instructions one or more programs
that are basically designed to control the
operation of computer system. It is also called
operating system. It runs the computer and act as
a scheduler. It controls the programs the flow of
signal from CPU and various parts of the
computer. System software or operating software
makes the operation of the computer system
more effective and efficient.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
MS DOS
Windows
Unix
LINUX
Sun Solaris
Operating system can be organized
in to four major types according to
use.
1. Real time Operating system
2. Single user/single tasking OS
3. Single user/multi tasking OS
4. Multi user/multi tasking OS
1. Real time Operating system:It is very fast , relatively small OS. Real time
OS’s are often also embedded OS’s. When they
are built in to the circuitry of a device and are
not loaded from the disk drive . A real time OS is
needed to run real time applications , It may
support multiple simultaneous tasks or single
tasks .
Real time applications are needed to run
medical diagnostics Eqpt, life support system,
instruments and industry systems
2. Single user/single tasking:An operating system that allows a single
user to perform just one task at a time is
a single user/single tasking OS.
For eg:- To a user, a “task’ is a function
such as printing document , writing a file
to disk , editing a file or down loading a
file.
Eg:-
MS DOS Operating system
3. Single user/multi tasking :It is one that allows a single user to
perform two or more functions at once. It
takes a special operating system to keep two
or more tasks running at once.
For eg: MS windows , Macintosh OS
The multi tasking features of these OS’s have
greatly increased the productivity of people
in a large variety of Jobs because they can
accoplish more in a shorter period of time
4. Multi user/multi tasking
It is an operating system that allows multiple users
to use programs that are simultaneously running on a
single net work SERVER, called terminal SERVER. When
computer is connected to a SERVER to access document
files to edit , the client computer performs the processing
work locally. Which gives each user a complete
environment , called a user session on the server. Each
user applications run within their user session on the
server separate from all other user sessions.
The software that makes this possible is called a
terminal client.
For eg :-
Unix , Linux OS’s
SYSTEM OR OPERATING SOFTWARE
MS DOS
WINDOWS
WINDOWS 3. .0, 3..1
UNIX/
LINUX
SOLARIES
WINWS ME
WINDOWS 2000
WINDOWS 95
WINDOWS NT
WINDOWS 98
WINDOWS XP
WINDOWS
WINDOWS VISTA
98 (SE)
OPERATING SYSTEM SUPPORTED
1. Running the all other software’s
2 Communicating with
all
peripherals devices
3. Development of other software’s
4. Monitoring the use of various
Hardware recourses such as
memory, peripherals, CPU etc
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Job management
Task management
Data or memory management
Security
Boot strap or booting
Directory management
File management
Command interpreter
Utility programs.
Application software or application
packages are set of one or more
programs designed to carry out
operations for a specified application/
purpose is called application software or
application package.
For e.g. 1.
2.
Object oriented application
Data base oriented application
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
WORD
PROCESSING
SPREAD
SHEET
DATA BASE
APPLICATION
OBJECT ORIENTED
APPLICATION
SOFTWARES
LOTUS
D BASE
PAGE MAKER
MS WORD
MS EXCEL
FOXPRO
COREL DRAW
NOTE PAD
TALLY
MS ACCESS
PHOTO SHOP
WORD PAD
ECOMMERCE
ORACLE
MS POWER
POINT
WORD STAR
WINDOWS OPEARTING SYSTEM
History of windows:1.
2.
3
4
5
6.
7.
8
9.
10.
11.
12.
May
May
July
Aug
Sept
Dec
1990
1992
1993
1995
1998
1998
1999
1998
2000
2000
2001
2006
- Windows 3.0
- Windows 3.1
- Windows NT 4.0
- Windows 95
- Windows 98
- Windows 98 (SE)
- Windows Me
- Windows 98
- Windows 2000
- Windows NT
- Windows XP
- Windows Vista
1.
2.
3.
4.
5
6.
It has GUI (Graphical user interface) base
system
It is supported and encourage to 32/64 bits
operation
Multi tasking system
It is allowed to place the file/folder on the
Desktop and work from there.
Supported long file names up to 255 characters
Supported multiple users with their own
setting such desk top Icon’s
Contd-2
-27
It is supported to make built in peer to peer
networking to access file and folder each other.
8.
it is corporate “object linking and embedding”
(OLE) ie user could easily create compressive
documents combining information from several
different application program.
9.
It is supported to “Plug and Play” standard for
hardware developed by PC makers.
10 It has a new mail system called Microsoft exchange
for all the types of messages such as E/Mail,
Internet.
11. Microsoft system information .
12 Windows system update i.e. maximum drivers are
available.
MS DOS ORGANISATION
MS DOS consists of three main system
program files as .SYS and
.COM
1
2.
3.
IO .SYS
MS DOS .SYS
Command.Com
COMMANDS OF MS DOS
1
2.
Internal commands
External commands
MS DOS
1 It is work on CUI bases.
2. Key board is used as input device.
WINDOWS
1.
2.
It is work on GUI bases.
Key board and Mouse both used as
input device.
It requires min 16 MB memory
3.
Low memory space is required to load
the OS (17 KB)
4. Multi tasking system
4. Single tasking system
3.
5. No memory sharing facilities
5.
Memory can be share with another
computer
6. It can support the graphics
7. It can support the MPEG file
8. It can support with Internet & E-Mail.
6. It can not support the graphics
7. It can not support the MPEG file
8. It can not support with Internet & EMail.
9.
9. There is no system to recover the
deleted file up to DOS 5 Version
10. File length will be limited ie up to 10.
eight character with extension of three
letters.
There a provision to recover the deleted
file
File length will be up to 255 characters
with extension of three letters.
CPU
P- IV 3 GHz/I3/I5/I7
M/ BOARD : INTEL 845/G series
RAM
HARD DISK
F/DRIVE
M/M KIT
KEYBOARD
MONITOR:
MODEM:
MOUSE:
CABINET
PRINTER
:
: 4GB OR HIGHER
: 1 TB
: 1.44 MB
: SOUND CARD , CR ROM
SPEAKERS , MIC
: 104 KEYS OR HIGHER
: COLOR
: BROADBAND
: 2/3 BUTTON SERIAL / PS/2/USB
: ATX/Mimi Tower
: LASER / DMP
It is made up of control programs, It is a
series set of instructions one or more programs
that are basically designed to control the
operation of computer system. It is also called
operating system. It runs the computer and act as
a scheduler. It controls the programs the flow of
signal from CPU and various parts of the
computer. System software or operating software
makes the operation of the computer system
more effective and efficient.
CPU
:
SDRAM
HARD DISK
F/DRIVE
M/M KIT
:
:
:
:
P- IV 2.4 GHz
M/ BOARD : INTEL 845 GELLY
KEYBOARD
MONITOR:
MODEM:
MOUSE:
CABINET
PRINTER
256 MB OR HIGHER
40 GB
1.44 MB
SOUND CARD , CR ROM
SPEAKERS , MIC
: 104 KEYS OR HIGHER
: COLOR
: 56.6 kbps
: 2/3 BUTTON SERIAL / PS/2
: ATX/Mimi Tower
: LASER / DMP
MOUSE
KEY BOARD
PRINTER
MONITOR
HDD
CD ROM DRIVE
FDD
RAM MEMORY
MOTHER BOARD
CPU
LAN CARD
INPUT
DEVICES
MOUSE
CU
CPU
DEVICES
KEY
BOARD
ALU
PRINTER
DRAM
MEMORY
DEVICES
MONITOR
SEMI CONDUCTOR
MAGNETIC TAPE
OPTICAL
MEMORY
MEMORY
MEMORY
CACHE
MEMORY
RAM
SRAM
OUTPUT
DEVICES
DDR
RAM
ROM
FLOPPY
CD-R
CD-RW
SD RAM
PROM
HARD
DISK
EPROM
EEPROM
DVDS