Transcript Computer Tech - 02 Comp Perform

Computer Performance
& Storage Devices
Computer Technology
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Computer Performance
What is inside a computer?
View Video
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Boot Process
 Sequence of events that occurs between the time
you turn on a computer and the time that it
becomes ready to accept commands.
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Hertz*
 Measures the
speed of a CPU
 Hertz = number of cycles
per second
 Gigahertz* – 1 billion cycles
per second
 *
RAM* -Random Access Memory
 The temporary storage area that is volatile.
 When power is lost, what was not saved is then
lost.
Think of a large amount of RAM as having a large work table where you can spread
out books, papers, pencils, calculator, etc. to do your work.
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Volatile* - temporary, risky
 Memory that loses its content when the power is
turned off. The primary example is RAM.
ROM* (Read Only Memory)
Nonvolatile, permanent storage that cannot be updated,
changed, nor tampered with.
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Binary Number System
 A method for
representing letters or
numbers using only
two digits, 0 and 1.
 Also referred to as
Base 2 Binary Code.
Bit*
 Each 0 or 1
Byte*
• 8 bits
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Kilo = 1,000
Kilobyte*
 Approximately 1,000
bytes
 Exactly 1,024 bytes
Mega* = million
Megabyte
 Approximately 1 million bytes
 Exactly 1,048,576 bytes
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Giga* = Billion
Gigabyte
 Approximately 1 billion bytes
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Tera* = Trillion
Terabyte
 Approximately 1 trillion bytes
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Peta*=Quadrillion
 Quadrillion (10 to the 15th power)
How to remember smallest to largest:
Billy’s
BYU
Kitten
Met
Gibby’s
Team
Pet
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Bytes
Abbrev
How many
10 to the
Power of
Kilo
(K)
Thousand
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Mega
(M)
Million
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Giga
(G)
Billion
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Tera
(T)
Trillion
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Peta
(P)
Quadrillion
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Exa
(E)
Quintillion
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Zetta
(Z)
Sextillion
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Yotta
(Y)
Septillion
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Input Devices
Keyboard
Optical Reader
Mouse
Touch Pad
Microphone
Stylus
Hardware that
enables a
computer user to
enter data and
programs into a
computer.
The main parts of a
computer system
that process
information.
Processing
The main parts of a
computer system
that process
information.
Processing
CPU
Central Processing Unit
The CPU is often
called the “brains” of
the computer.
 Hertz measures the speed of a CPU
 Hertz = number of cycles per second
 Megahertz
 Gigahertz
 Terahertz
The main parts of a
computer system
that process
information.
Processing
CPU
Central Processing Unit
ROM is permanent
internal memory that
cannot be changed.
ROM
Read Only Memory
The CPU is often
called the “brains” of
the computer.
The main parts of a
computer system
that process
information.
Processing
CPU
Central Processing Unit
ROM is permanent
internal memory that
cannot be changed.
The CPU is often
called the “brains” of
the computer.
ROM
Read Only Memory
RAM
Random Access Memory
RAM is temporary
memory that can be
changed.
Hardware that
represents data as
either hard copy or soft
copy after is has been
processed by the
computer.
Output Devices
Hardware that
represents data as
either hard copy or soft
copy after is has been
processed by the
computer.
Output Devices
Monitor
Represents data as “soft
copy.” Some common
monitors are CRT or flatpanel.
Hardware that
represents data as
either hard copy or soft
copy after is has been
processed by the
computer.
Output Devices
Monitor
Represents data as “hard
copy.” Some common
printers are laser or inkjet.
Printer
Represents data as “soft
copy.” Some common
monitors are CRT or flatpanel.
Hardware that
represents data as
either hard copy or soft
copy after is has been
processed by the
computer.
Output Devices
Monitor
Represents data as “hard
copy.” Some common
printers are laser or inkjet.
Printer
Speakers
Represents data as “soft
copy.” Some common
monitors are CRT or flatpanel.
Storage Devices
Needed for permanently
storing important
information such as
computer programs, files,
and data.
Storage Devices
Plastic or metal
platters that are
coated with oxide
and store data
magnetically.
Magnetic Storage
Hard Disk
Floppy Disk
Videotape
Optical Storage
CDs
DVDs
A small storage
device that can
be plugged into
a USB port.
Needed for permanently
storing important
information such as
computer programs, files,
and data.
USB Storage
A storage medium on
which data is recorded
and read by two lasers
Software
A set of instructions or programs that
tell a computer what to do.
Master controller of: RAM,
peripheral devices, file
operations (saving,
opening, deleting,
renaming, etc.), and
system performance.
Operating System
watch video
This type of software
manages RAM, controls
peripheral devices,
manages file operations
(saving, opening, deleting,
renaming, etc.), monitors
system performance, and
provides a user interface
DOS is a command-line
interface OS. It is not very
user-friendly!
Operating System
DOS, Windows, Vista
Windows is a GUI OS
environment that works
with DOS. It uses icons
and menus to make
computers easy to use.
You can multitask with
Windows.
This type of software
manages RAM, controls
peripheral devices,
manages file operations
(saving, opening, deleting,
renaming, etc.), monitors
system performance, and
provides a user interface
DOS is a command-line
interface OS. It is not very
user-friendly!
Macintosh computers
have their own
operating system.
Operating System
DOS, Windows, Vista
Macintosh
Windows is a GUI OS
environment that works
with DOS. It uses icons
and menus to make
computers easy to use.
You can multitask with
Windows.
Master Controller -This
type of software manages
RAM, controls peripheral
devices, manages file
operations (saving,
opening, deleting,
renaming, etc.), monitors
system performance, and
provides a user interface
Operating System
DOS is a command-line
interface OS. It is not very
user-friendly!
DOS, Windows, Vista
Macintosh computers
have their own
operating system.
Macintosh
Other Operating Systems:
Linux, UNIX, OS/2
Windows is a GUI OS
environment that works
with DOS. It uses icons
and menus to make
computers easy to use.
You can multitask with
Windows.
Programs that
Application Software (Apps)
Letters, reports, text
Word Processing
Spreadsheets
Slide Shows
Numbers, formulas
Electronic Presentations
Browser
Large collections of data
allow users to
perform specific
tasks.
Access the Internet
Database
Recycle Bin
Stores garbage until
emptied
So How do you download and run a
program?
 video
What if I no longer want a program.
How do I uninstall it?
 video
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Shortcut* – Create a fast way to access
a file or folder from your desktop
How do I make a shortcut of a
program to my desktop?
 video
How do you identify a shortcut?
If you delete the shortcut, is the program gone?
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Virus
A small computer program or piece of code
that is put on a computer (usually without
the user knowing about it) that is
destructive to the computer.
File
 A document, picture, etc.
 When saved, it has an extension such as:
 Word documents (.docx)
 Images (.gif and .jpg)
 Multimedia (.wma and more)
Directory/Folder*
A container for programs and files. It can hold both files and more
folders.
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Hierarchy
 A structure of files and folders that are in order from
high to low.
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Extension
 The three or four letters after the dot that identifies
what kind of format a file was saved in.
 Examples





.docx – WORD
.pptx – PowerPoint
.bmp – paint
.jpg – graphic
.pdf - adobe
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Explorer Window
Content Pane
Navigation Pane
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File Management Assignment
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