Transcript Chapter 7.2 ppt

Chapter 7.2
Feudalism and the Manor Economy
1. Medieval society was a network of
mutual obligations
2. Even Kings and nobles took vows of
loyalty and service to others
3. This was part of a new political and
economic system during the Middle
Ages
What we’ll learn
Feudalism: loose org.
designed for protection
b/c kings were too weak
All were impacted by
Feudalism during the
Middle (Medieval) Ages
Lords, vassals, knights,
peasants, serfs
Why?
Mutual obligations
were the basis of
Feudalism
What would you do
for someone who gave
you land, protected
you, or worked for
you?
Feudalism and the Manor Economy
4. In the face of many invaders, this was a
chaotic society b/c no rulers could
control large areas
5. Much warfare and violence.
Focus Q
• What have you heard students say to
respectfully correct each other?
• When would this be appropriate?
• Why don’t students do this very often?
Focus Q
• Page 219, “Feudalism Develops”
• Bullet point notes
• 1 sentence summary
How could peasant, the
lowest of society, be
the strong man of
Medieval society?
Focus Q
Make a chart showing the responsibilities
of Lords and Vassals according to 7.2
worksheet.
Focus Q: Wed., October 2
• Who is the warrior class in our society?
Are they respected? How do they get
their training?
• Where are today’s castles? Who lives
there? What do they do for a living?
**Feudalism** Develops
1. In the face of invasions, Kings and
Emperors needed a *plan for protection*,
a political and economic structure
2. Powerful local lords divided their land with
lesser lords (vassals)
3. Vassals pledged loyalty and military
service to the greater lord
Mutual Obligations
1. Pol/econ relationship btwn lords and
vassals was based on exchange of
land for military service and loyalty
2. This was very important b/c warfare
was a way of life
Lords
grants vassal a *FIEF
(estate, land)*
–Fiefs included serfs,
towns, buildings
2. Lord promises to
protect his vassal
1.
A Fief
*Vassals* pledges to his lord
1. **loyalty
2. 40 days of military service**
3. $ and advice
This was a
warrior society.
A Structured Society
Monarchs….powerful lords (dukes, counts)
……….. Vassals had…. vassals….. hmmm….
1. So sometimes a man was a lord and a vassal
2. Vassals often had fiefs (estates) from more
than 1 lord
3. It got complex…..but you usually had a liege
lord to whom you owed your 1st loyalty
Medieval Castles video
• United Streaming
• “World History: The Medieval Era”
• Segments 1-4 look good
– #1 Life in a Castle
– relationships
Feudalism
A political, economic, and social
system based on loyalty and
military service.
Feudalism (political system)
• The kings had lots of land; he
gave land to lords in exchange
for protection and $.
• Lords gave their land to knights
in exchange for protection, $.
• Knights let serfs work the land
and he would protect them.
• Serfs got food and shelter.
• Thus, each person had rights
and responsibilities
Just for laughs……
• Baseball is wrong……..man with 4
balls cannot walk.
• Mr. Win says….man who stand on
toilet is high on pot
Knights and Warfare
If you were going to be a Knight, at age 7
sent away to your father’s lord for training
• Ride, fight, keep armor and weapons in
shape
• Strict discipline
• Usually fought on horseback w/swords,
lances, axes, armor, shields
What is
happening?
Knights on Horseback
A lance
Morning Star
Castles and Defense
1. Powerful lords fortified their homes
more and more
2. Were homes and fortresses
3. Castles often had a strategic position
at harbors, river crossings, mountain
passes
Castles and Defense
1. By 1100, the richest had stone castles
w/high walls, towers, drawbridges and
moat
2. Knights who protected it lived there
3. Peasants moved in in times of war
Parts of a Medieval Castle
Castles!
English Castle
Slovakia
French Castle
Catapult or
Trebuchet
Feudal Warfare!!!!
Lances
Siege Tower
Battering
Rams
Trebuchets were used to hurl all
sorts of objects at the enemy.
**Catapults could
hurl 600
pound objects
over
1000 feet**
Noblewomen: Restrictions and Power
1. When husband/father off fighting, she
took over
2. Supervised vassals, managed
household, did agricultural and medical
tasks, might even go to war
3.
4.
Rights of inheritance limited, land usually went to oldest son
Widows kept their land
Noblewomen: Restrictions and Power
1.
2.
Sent to friend/relatives for training
Spin and weave, supervise servants, some learned to read and write
3. Have lots of babies, support husband
Chivalry: A Code of Honor and
Behavior
*Chivalry*: Romance and Reality
1. **Code of conduct for Knights**
2. In theory…..Fight fair, brave, loyal, true to
your word, protect the weak (peasants,
women), put women on a pedestal
3. Applied to other knights, not commoners
4. Few knights lived up to these ideals
5. **troubadours: wandering musicians
who sang about Knights great deeds**
Ch 7.2
Manors support Feudalism
Manors: heart of feudal economy
1. Was the lord’s estate
2. Peasants were a majority of pop., lived and
worked on manor
3. Most peasants were SERFS
4. **serfs: stayed on land for life, sold with
the land**, not free, couldn’t leave w/o
permission, --The lowest of the low
Life on the Medieval Manor
Serfs at work
Lords & Peasants: Mutual Obligations
**Peasants—econ. backbone of society**
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Work several day/wk. on the lord’s land
Repaired his roads, bridges, fences
Had to ask permission to marry
Paid a fee to inherit their father’s land
Paid fee to use grist (grain) mill
No $, paid in honey, cheese, eggs, grain,
etc.--bartering
Lords & Peasants: Mutual Obligations
1. Peasants farmed some land for
themselves
2. Entitled to lord’s protection
3. Couldn’t leave, couldn’t be forced off
manor
4. In theory, guaranteed food, housing,
land
Self-Sufficient World
1. Manor was self-sufficient
2. Peasants produce most things they need
–Food, clothing, simple furniture and tools
3. Cottages and huts, water mill, church,
lord’s manor house, fields, pastures
(animals), meadows (hay)
4. Forest reserved for the lord
The Medieval Manor
Fallow
field
Peasant Life…in a word….HARSH
1. Work long hrs.—sunup to sundown
2. Hunger was common, esp. late
winter—waiting for next crop
3. **Disease killed many—few lived
beyond 35**
4. Ate black bread and veggies:
cabbage, onions, turnips—little meat
•
•
•
•
Peasant Life…in a word….HARSH
Poachers got severe punishment
Family and animals lived in same hut..aaah
Celebrated marriages, births
Got 1 week off at Easter, Christmas
Left side: Coat of Arms—Who am I?
1. Make a coat of arms that includes:
4 pictures of your values, beliefs, or
principles
A caption explaining each value
A family motto:
guiding principle
Summarize
•
•
•
•
On focus Q page
3 things you learned
I wonder……
Reminds me of……