Transcript unit6

New college English
Unit Six
I Preparation
III Further Development
II Reading Activities
IV Translation & Writing
Part I
Preparation
1. Check Your Vocabulary
2. How Much Do You Know
About Food?
3. Comparing Diets
Activity 1 Check Your Vocabulary
Directions: Work in groups to list as
many foods and drinks as you can.
Activity 1 Check Your Vocabulary
 vegetable
 asparagus 芦笋
beet 甜菜
cabbage 洋白菜
cucumber 黄瓜
leek 韭葱
rape 油菜
squash 西葫芦
wild rice stem 茭白
bamboo shoots 竹笋
broccoli 花椰菜
celery 芹菜
fennel 茴香
lettuce 莴苣
soybean 黄豆
tomato 番茄
bean sprout豆芽
broad bean 蚕豆
cauliflower 菜花
greens 青菜
pepper 胡椒
spinach 菠菜
turnip 萝卜
Activity 1 Check Your Vocabulary
 fig 无花果
honeydew melon 香瓜
litchi 荔枝
mulberry 桑椹
pineapple 菠萝
sugarcane 甘蔗
grapefruit 西柚
kiwi fruit 猕猴桃
mango 芒果
peach 桃子
plum 洋李
Activity 1 Check Your Vocabulary
Meat
bacon,
beef,
chicken,
chop,
cutlet,
ham, lamb,
mutton,
pork, roast,
sausage,
stew,
steak,
turkey
Cereal
Drink
barley, Coca-Cola,
tea, coffee,
buckwheat, beer, wine,
maize/ orange juice,
apple cider,
corn,
millet, milk shake,
oat, rice, lemonade,
sorghum,spirits,
wheat whisk(e)y, soft
drinks,
mineral water,
soda pop,
apple jack
Others
roast duck, fried noodle,
preserved eggs, pork
dumpling, hamburger,
hot dogs, French fries,
sandwich, beef steak
words about cooking
cooking oil, salt, soy
sauce, vinegar, MSG,
steam, stew, fry, bake,
boil
Activity 2 How Much Do You Know
About Food?
Directions: Here is a questionnaire
about food and diet. Answer the
questions to find out how much you
know about food.
Activity 3 Comparing Diets?
STEP ONE Look at the diet below. It shows what a
10-year-old British boy eats on a typical
day. Work in pairs to decide whether this
is a healthy diet.
STEP TWO Write down what you usually eat every
day and compare it with the food your partner has.
Then talk with your partner how your/his/her diet
could be improved.
Activity 3 Comparing Diets?
STEP ONE Look at the diet below. It shows what a
10-year-old British boy eats on a typical
day. Work in pairs to decide whether this
is a healthy diet.
Activity 3 Comparing Diets?
STEP TWO Write down what you usually eat every
day and compare it with the food your partner has.
Then talk with your partner how your/his/her diet
could be improved.
Activity 3 Comparing Diets?
Sample
 Two kinds of diets
 Student A
Breakfast: two baozi, a cup of milk, one egg
Lunch:
rice, fish, beef, chicken soup
Supper:
jiaozi, pork, fish soup
 Student B
Breakfast: some porridge, one boiled egg, one
mantou
Lunch:
rice, vegetables, bean curd
Supper:
noodles, potato, egg soup
Activity 3 Comparing Diets?
Sample
 Advice on the improvement of the two
diets:
Student A should have more vegetables
every day, while student B should have
some meat and milk every day. Both of
them should add some varieties to their
diet so that they may get a balanced diet
to provide them with all the necessary
nutrients the body needs.
Part II
Reading Activities
1. Pre-reading Questions
2. Text Organization
3. Sentence Study
4. Words & Phrases
Pre-reading Questions
Can you give the reasons why the cow is regarded
as food taboo in India?
1. Cows help plow the fields.
2. Cow manure can be used as fertilizer.
3. Cow manure can be dried and burned to make a
cooking fire.
Pre-reading Questions
Are you able to offer the reasons why dogs are
viewed as food taboo in the United States?
1. Dogs serve as companions for people.
2. Dogs serve as protection against thieves.
Pre-reading Questions
Can you provide the reasons why the pork is seen
as food taboo in ancient Egypt and Israel?
1. People did not want to stay in one
place.
2. Pork cooked insufficiently may spread
disease.
Text Organization
Para.1
People from different cultures eat different kinds of food.
Para. 2-6
The reasons why people have preference to different foods.
Para. 7
Anthropologists believe that most food likes and dislikes are
a result of the ways of life of different people.
Sentence Study
1. As a result, people from one culture
often think the foods that people
from another culture eat are
disgusting or nauseating. (Line 2)
as a result: 结果······（作状语）
相当于so, therefore, etc.，常用于句首，也可
用于句末，表示因果关系，亦可作插入语。
Sentence Study
She studied hard. As a result, she made rapid progress
in the studies.
她学习非常用功，学业有了长足的进步。
He slipped and broke his leg. As a result, he will have
to be away from school for two or three months.
他滑倒之后摔断了腿，不得不
休学两个月。
Sentence Study
比较：as a result of 表示“由于······的原因，由······引起的”
The party tonight is beautiful
as a result of you．
今天的晚会因你而美丽。
Meanwhile other events had occurred as a result
of this war.
因这场战争引起的其他事情也随之发生。
Sentence Study
1. As a result, people from one culture
often think the foods that people
from another culture eat are
disgusting or nauseating. (Line 2)
因此，来自一种文化的人常常会认
为来自另一种文化的人所吃的一些
食物是难以忍受或令人作呕的。
Sentence Study
2. For example, broccoli is first on a list of the most
nutritious common vegetables, but it is twentyfirst on a list of vegetables that Americans like
most to eat. (Line 12)
be first/second on a list of…
在······名单中名列第一/二
Sentence Study
You are always first on the list of things that I need
most.
你总是我最需要的时候想到的第一人。
 Who is first on the list of pop stars this week?
 The list changes faster than you can imagine.
——谁是本周流行榜第一？
——流行榜的变化，快得让你难以想象。
Sentence Study
2. For example, broccoli is first on a list of
the most nutritious common vegetables,
but it is twenty-first on a list of
vegetables that Americans like most to
eat. (Line 12)
例如，花椰菜在营养最丰富的常见蔬
菜中排名第一，但它在美国人最喜欢
的蔬菜中名列第二十一。
Sentence Study
3.
Thieves will not usually enter a house where
there is a dog because the dog will bark and
possibly attack a stranger who is trying to get
into a house. (Line 43)
where there is a dog 是定语从句，修饰 a house,
关系副词where 在定语从句中作状语；
because引导的是原因状语从句，说明Thieves will
not usually enter a house 的原因；
who is trying to get into a house 是定语从句，修
饰先行词a stranger。
Sentence Study
完成下面的句子。
They generally go to places ________ the air is clean
and the scenery is beautiful.
A) there
B) when
C) which
D) where
Sentence Study
3.
Thieves will not usually enter a
house where there is a dog because
the dog will bark and possibly
attack a stranger who is trying to
get into a house. (Line 43)
盗贼一般不进入有狗的住宅，
因为狗会吠叫，而且可能会袭
击试图进入屋子的陌生人。
Sentence Study
4.
There is some evidence that some ancient
Egyptians did not eat pork. (Line 47)
that引导的是同位语从句，对与之同位的名
词作进一步的解释，同位语从句一般只由
that引导, 常用在idea, fact, concept, doubt,
news, belief, hope, evidence, explanation,
opinion, plan, proposal, sign, suggestion,
truth, theory, thought等抽象名词后。
Sentence Study
完成下面的句子。
There are signs ______ restaurant are becoming more
popular with families.
A) that
B) which
C) in which
D) whose
Sentence Study
4. There is some evidence that some ancient Egyptians did
not eat pork. (Line 39)
有迹象表明一些古埃及人不食
猪肉。
Words & Phrases
1. appropriate (Line 7, Para. 1)
adj. correct or suitable for a particular time, situation,
or purpose 适当的, 恰当的
应该在适当的时间公布事情的真相。
The truth of the matter should be released at an
appropriate time.
It is reported that the President’s speech to the black voters
was quite appropriate for/to the occasion
__________________________________.
（非常符合时宜）
Words & Phrases
vt. 1) put on one side for a special purpose
拨款用做某种特殊用途
学校准备为那项研究计划拨款。
Our school was prepared to appropriate
money for that research program.
vt. 2) take and use as one’s own
占用，侵吞；盗用，挪用
你不应该剽窃他的创意。
You should not appropriate his originality.
Words & Phrases
2. nutrition (Line 12, Para. 3)
n. the process of supplying and receiving
nourishment; the science of food values
营养（作用）；营养学
今天的人们越来越关注食品的营养与保健
功能。
Today’s people pay more and more
attention to the nutrition and health
care of food.
Words & Phrases
形容词形式：
nutritious adj. nourishing; having high value as food
营养的；多滋养的
The nutritious foods of that brand moved off recently.
_________________
那个品牌的营养食品十分畅销。
Words & Phrases
nutritive adj. serving as food; of nutrition
用作食物的；营养的
Biologists of that laboratory are researching __________
the nutritive
______
values of agarics.
那个实验室的生物学家们正在研究木耳的营养价值。
名词派生词：nutritionist 营养学家
Words & Phrases
3. protection (Line 42, Para. 5)
n. the act of protecting from harm or being kept
from harm 保护
动词形式: protect
vt. keep safe (from danger, enemies; against attack)
保护（常与介词from或against连用）
他的风衣(dustcoat)能够很好地为他挡雨。
His dustcoat provided him with good
protection against rain.
Words & Phrases
That newly-upgraded viruskilling software gave her computer
_____________________________
strong protection against all kinds
________________.
of computer viruses
那款新升级的杀毒软件可以很好地保
护她的电脑不受各种电脑病毒的攻击。
Words & Phrases
4. apparently (Line 45, Para. 5)
adv. obviously, evidently, seemingly 显然，看来
Apparently, the email services are still
the most important function of the Internet.
很明显，电子邮件服务仍然是因特网的
最主要功能。
That woman ____________________
was apparently relieved when she heard the
news that her son had already been set free by the
kidnappers.
很明显，当听到绑匪已经释放了自己儿子的消息后，那
位妇女感到如释重负。
Words & Phrases
形容词形式：apparent
adj. clearly seen or understood
明显的； 显而易见的；明白的
It was apparent that the US government knew nothing
_________________
about its Chinese counterpart’s efforts on the protection
of the Intellectual Property Right (IPR).
很明显，美国政府对于中国政府在保护知识产权方面的
努力知之甚少。
Words & Phrases
5. occur (Line 47, Para. 6)
vi. 1) take place; happen 发生
那起谋杀案是什么时候发生的？
When did that murder occur?
不要让这种错误再次发生。
Don’t let the mistake occur again.
Words & Phrases
2) (with to) come into one’s mind （与to 连用）
想起；想到
哈利 · 波特很快想到了一个新的主意。
Instantly a new idea occurred to Harry Potter.
我从未想到他竟反对得如此厉害。
That he should have some deep personal objection
had never occurred to me.
Part III
Further Development
1. Preparing food
2. Our eating habits
1. Preparing Food
Directions: You arrive late at a friend’s holiday house. All
the shops are shut and you would like to make a nice
meal for yourself and the person you are with. You
are both hungry. You look in the cupboard and in the
fridge and besides the basics such as salt, pepper,
spices (用于调味的香料), oil and sugar, you find:
1. Preparing Food
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
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








a few onions and tomatoes
one chicken leg
a tin of tuna (金枪鱼)
a jar of strawberry jam
a tin of pineapple
a packet of rice
a tin of yogurt (酸乳酪，酸奶)
four potatoes
a tin of dried milk
a tin of baked beans
six eggs
five apples
1. Preparing Food
Words for Ingredients in Foods:
cooking wine
soy-sauce
vinegar
sesame oil
ginger
gourmet powder
salt
mustard
pepper
(料酒)
(酱油)
(醋)
(香油)
(姜)
(味精)
(盐)
(芥末)
(胡椒)
1. Preparing Food
Task One
Directions： Work in pairs
to plan a meal for two which
uses as many of the
ingredients as possible. When
you are ready, tell the class
what you intend to make and
be prepared to explain how to
make any of the dishes if
necessary.
1. Preparing Food
sample:





Rice, tomato soup with eggs, some pineapples, roast
chicken leg, baked beans, some apples.
Rice, onion with eggs (fried), tomato slices with sugar,
potato crisps, some milk.
Roast potato, fried chicken leg, tuna, tomato soup with
eggs, some pineapples.
Six boiled eggs, some milk, baked beans, potato soup,
some apples.
Rice, two omelets, some tuna, some pineapples, some
yogurt.
1. Preparing Food
Task Two
 Directions： When you have heard everyone’s
menu, decide as a class which is the best.
2. Our Eating Habits
Task One
 Directions: Answer the following questions
in the questionnaire.
2. Our Eating Habits
Task Two
 Directions: Compare your answers
within your group and find out the
similarities and differences between
the members of your group. Prepare
a short report on your group’s eating
habits and choose one person in the
group to present it to the rest of the
class.
2. Our Eating Habits
 Similarities:
—Spend 10 to 12 hours eating in a normal week.
—Eat three meals a day.
—Eat a lot of fresh vegetables, fresh meat,
biscuits,
and chocolates.
—Have meals in the students’ cafeterias most of
the time.
—Don’t cook.
—Like fast food.
 Differences:
—Food likes are different.
—Food prepares are different.
Part IV Translation & Writing
1. Translation Skills
2. Writing Practice
Translation Skills
反说正译
英语中一些作反面表达的词、短语甚至句子往
往可以从正面表达。
Translation Skills
1. The doubt was still unsolved after his repeated
explanations.
虽然他一再解释，疑团仍然存在。（ 动词）
2. The examination left no doubt that the patient had died of
cancer.
调查结果清清楚楚说明病人死于癌症。
(短语)
Translation Skills
3. The significance of these incidents wasn’t lost on us.
这些事情引起了我们的重视。（句子）
4. Ashurst saw at once that Phil was not all right.
阿什赫斯特很快看到菲尔出了毛病。
（句子）
Translation Skills
5. Such behavior couldn’t long escape notice.
这种行为迟早会被发现。（句子）
6. He was not going to lose sight of me.
他一直在监视我的行踪。（句子）
Writing Practice
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30
minutes to write a composition on the topic:
Eating Habits of College Students. You should
write at least 120 words according to the
outline given below in Chinese.
1. 饮食方式；
2. 饮食口味；
3. 学生应养成良好的饮食
习惯。
Writing Practice
Sample Writing
Eating Habits of College Students
A sharp-eyed visitor will soon notice that on campus
different students may have different eating habits. At
cafeteria (自助餐厅) or dorm flat, some watch TV while
eating. Some may read a book or magazine at dinner table.
Still some may swallow their meals when they read before
news stands (报栏) or head for their dorms or classrooms.
Generally speaking, most students eat at school cafeterias, but
some students prefer off-campus restaurants.
Writing Practice
Sample Writing
College students have various tastes due to a lot of factors.
Those from the North usually like pasta (面食), such foods as
noodles, steamed bread and dumplings are their favorite staple
foods (主食), but those from the South may find rice is their
only choice for staple food. Students brought up near the sea
prefer seafood, while those from China’s West enjoy beef and
lamb. Some students are keen on (喜爱) meat of all kinds,
while others prefer fruits and vegetables.
Writing Practice
Sample Writing
To some students, fast food is a big attraction, so they love
going to KFC or MacDonald’s. Apart from geographical and
personal reasons, food likes and dislikes vary from one student
to another.
It is very essential for students to develop healthy eating
habits because proper eating habits benefit students’ health in the
long run. Here are some tips. Firstly, they ought to learn to enjoy
nutritious (有营养的) food, and try not to be particular about
certain food items. Secondly, they should have regular meals and
are not supposed to skip (漏掉) breakfast or eat brunch (早午餐)
on weekends.
Writing Practice
Sample Writing
Thirdly, they had better eat less junk food (无营
养食品) and not dine in rush. Students need to
keep a balanced diet and maintain regular eating
habits. Remember the English proverb: you are
what you eat.