Transcript Pope & Monarchy

Cooperation & Conflict: The
Relationship between the
Papacy and Medieval
European Monarchs
7th Grade World History
The Pope Leo III Crowns
Charlemagne in 800 C.E.
The Pope Crowns
Charlemagne because…





He was a devout Christian
He united much of the old
Roman Empire in Europe
He was a brilliant military
leader
He helped the pope put down
a rebellion in Italy
By crowning Charlemagne, the
Pope is asserting papal
authority
Charlemagne’s main
achievements…


Unified much of Europe
Because of his devotion to the
Christian faith…
– He strengthened the Church
– He increased education and learning
throughout Europe so that people could
read the Bible.
Investiture Controversy


The Players: Pope Gregory
VII and King Henry IV
The Setting: Medieval
Europe, the pope needs
support from the
monarchy, the monarchy
needs support from the
pope, BOTH monarchy
and pope appoints
church officials
Pope Gregory VII
Investiture Controversy

The Conflict: In 1075, Pope Gregory
VII officially asserted that the papal
power is the sole universal power and
ONLY the papacy could select church
officials, like the bishops. King Henry
IV continued to appoint church
officials like bishops.
King Henry IV
Pope Gregory’s Reaction

He excommunicated Henry IV
– Excommunicate means to remove someone
from the church
– Henry was removed from the church and
deposed as the German king
Henry IV apologizes…



Henry IV asks Pope Gregory VII for
forgiveness by standing barefoot in
the snow for three days outside where
the Pope was staying.
Pope Gregory VII had to forgive him
and Henry IV became emperor again.
Henry IV later invaded Rome and Pope
Gregory VII fled
The apology
The Lasting Effect…



In 1122 church leaders & nobles
agreed to have the pope select church
officials at the Concordat of Worms
The pope establishes his dominance
and power over the monarchy
temporarily
The continued conflict will eventually
lead to a split between monarchy and
papacy
Reflection Quick Write

Pretend you are
Henry IV, write one
paragraph (at least
5 sentences)
explaining your
decision to
apologize to Pope
Gregory VII. Would
you really mean it?
How far would you
go to convince the
pope

Pretend you are
Pope Gregory VII,
write one
paragraph (at least
5 sentences)
explaining your
decision to take
Henry IV back and
accept his apology.
Do you really
believe him? Would
you trust him?