Transcript Computer Hardware

Infrastructure - Computer
Hardware
Gerhard Steinke
•History of computers
•Types of computer systems
•Hardware components and functions
•Bits and bytes
•Selection criteria
Electronic Computers
 First generation computer ENIAC –1946
 Vacuum tubes
 5000 calculations per second
 Second generation, late 1950s
 Transistors
 200,000 to 250,000 calculations per second
 Third generation, mid 1960s
 Integrated circuits
 Fourth generation, 1970s
 Further miniaturization of circuits, semi-conductor chips
 Fifth generation, 1980s
 Millions of calculations per second
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Categories of Computers
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Super Computers http://www.top500.org/
Mainframes (with dumb terminals)
Servers - Virtual Servers
Microcomputers / Desktop / Laptop
 1979, Apple computer
 1982, IBM PC
 Handheld
 Smart Phone / Tablet
 Wearables
http://www.amazon.com/b?node=10048700011
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Computer Hardware Functions
 Input
 Keyboard, mouse, optical scanner, touch
screen, pen-based, speech recognition,
optical character recognition (OCR), magnetic
strips, card reader, digital camera, magnetic
ink character recognition (MICR)
 Processing
http://www.bestbuy.com/site/dell-inspiron-desktop-8gb-memory-1tb-hard-driveblack/9405441.p?id=1219703860754&skuId=9405441
 Output
 Monitor, printer, voice response system,
signal
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Computer Storage
RAM
Solid State Drive
Flash Drive
Hard drive
(RAID)
CD,DVD
Tape
http://www.bestbuy.com/site/buying-guides/drives-storage-buyingguide/pcmcat337000050001.c?id=pcmcat337000050001&type=category#internal
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Computer Processing Speeds
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Millisecond – thousandth of a second
Microsecond – millionth of a second
Nanosecond – billionth of a second
Clock speed of the computer:
 Megahertz (MHz) – millions of cycles
per second
 Gigahertz (GHz) – billions of cycles per
second
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Moore’s Law - Computer power
will double every 18 to 24 months
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Bits and Bytes
 Bit - Either zero or one
 Byte - Group of eight bits - one character
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Measuring Storage Capacities
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Kilobyte (KB): 1024 bytes (210)
Megabyte (MB): one million bytes (220)
Gigabyte (GB): one billion bytes (230)
Terabyte (TB): one trillion bytes (240)
Petabyte (PB): one quadrillion bytes (250)
Exabyte (EB): 260 bytes
Zettabyte (ZB): 270 bytes
http://www.computerhope.com/issues/ch
space.htm
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Radio Frequency Identification - RFID
 Tag and identify mobile objects
 E.g., merchandise, packages, pets
 Use RFID chips to transmit and receive radio
signals
 Chips half the size of a grain of sand
 Passive chips:
 do not have power source and derive power
from signal in reader
 Active chips:
 Self-powered
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http://www.atlasrfidstore.com/rfid-tag-sample-pack-uhfpassive/?gclid=CKuKra_61cQCFZGTfgodaoIARQ
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Cloud Computing
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Hardware Evaluation
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buy/lease
quality
support, warranty
performance
cost
reliability
footprint
compatibility
upgradeability
technology
ergonomics
environmental
requirements
 Software
 Ethical Issues
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Business Continuity /
Disaster Recovery
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http://www.disasterrecovery.org/
http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/disaster-recovery
http://www.computerworld.com/category/disaster-recovery
http://www.computerweekly.com/feature/How-to-write-adisaster-recovery-plan-and-define-disaster-recovery-strategies
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=w
eb&cd=6&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CD4QFjAFahUKEwjpq4aY7p_I
AhUDppQKHQXPAeo&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.purdue.edu%
2Fsecurepurdue%2Fdocs%2Ftraining%2FBusinessContinuityPla
nning.ppt&usg=AFQjCNEAJLkDogOM_XQGCk3IjXQFrt8YRg
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Ethical Issues
Always need the latest product?
How do you keep up?
Environmental concerns…
How do you keep old information
when technology changes?
 Corning Future Vision 2020
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t
xpe-TbsRJU
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