Transcript Inventions

Industrial Revolution
Begins
Intro
The Industrial Revolution Changed WHERE and HOW people lived
TOP TEN INVENTIONS OF ALL TIME
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10. Modern Plumbing •
9. Printing Press
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8. Automobile
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7. Pesticides
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6. Steam Engine
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5. Computers
4. Transistors
3. Plastic
2. Electricity
1. Antibiotics
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Chapter 5 and 6
• Industrial Revolution: A period of increased output of
goods made by machines and new inventions. (It will
change where an how and where people will live!)
• Where did it take place?
• ENGLAND
• When?
• 1750-1850
• WHY?
• Because . . .
Because . . .
• 1. Good resources (coal and water)
• 2. Great Britain has a great location
• 3. Great Britain has money
• 4. Great Britain has a population of
workers.
• 5. Great Britain can produce enough
food to sustain its population.
Inventions in the Industrial Age
Textiles
Steam Power
Steel/Iron
Electricity
Textile Industry
• Textile Industry is the most
important industry in Britain
in the 1700‘s.
• Most work is done at home.
• Work was usually combined
with farming.
• Merchants who traveled on
packhorses bought cloth
from local farmers.
What led to the advancement of
the British textile industry?
INVENTIONS that increased production and the creation of factories.
Why was the development of railroads
important to industrialization?
They allowed factory owners to ship raw materials
and products quickly over land , not just by water.
Part I: What was life like before the
Industrial Revolution?
Eli Whitney Cotton Gin
• Separated the seeds
from the cotton
– Previously done by hand
• Invented by Eli Whitney
in 1793
Flying Shuttle
• In 1733 John Kay
patented his flying
shuttle.
• It dramatically
increased the speed of
weaving.
• It could produce a
much wider cloth
Spinning Jenny
• James Hargreaves built the
Spinning-Jenny in 1764.
• It used eight spindles to
create eight threads at once
• Could only make thin thread
Water Frame
• Connected the water to the
machinery via a wheel.
• Powered by a water wheel
• Built by Richard Arkwright
Spinning Mule
• In 1779 Samuel
Crompton will combine
the features of the
• Spinning Jenny and the
water frame calling it
the spinning mule.
Power Loom
• Edmund Cartwright
invents the power
loom.
• This machine was run
by water.
Industrial Revolution
Part II
Steam Power
• Steam power (steam
engine) eventually replaced
water power.
• First steam engines used to
pump water from coal
mines (1705)
• Later used to power textile
factories
• Finally to power
locomotives and ships
James Watt
• James Watt 1763 improved
Newcomen’s Steam engine
– His engine could be used
for turning wheels of
textile machines
James Watt Steam Engine
Nuclear Model for Steam Power
Richard Trevithick
• 1804 Richard made an
engine that was small
but powerful that will
lead to the invention of
the first Railroad.
The Rocket: George Stevenson
• In 1829 Built the Rocket
• Much faster locomotive
(30 MPH)
– More powerful than 80
horses
– It ran 27 miles.
Transportation
• Canals- man-made
waterways used for
transporting materials
– Good for heavy products
(coal, iron)
– Slow, costly to build
Industrial Revolution
Part II
Result of Transportation Improvements
• Factory owners could transport raw materials quickly and
cheaply
• Caused iron and steel industry to grow quickly
• Cost of products dropped
• Jobs working for railroads
• People could move more rapidly
Part III Henry Bessemer invents the
Bessemer Process 1856 STEEL!
Internal Combustion Engine
Horseless Carriage
• In 1769, the first self-propelled road vehicle it
was a steam-powered model.
• Internal combustion engine (Nikolas Otto )
– Powered by gasoline, diesel, or kerosene
– Used by Daimler to make the first practical
automobile 1886- sold in 1892 –KARL BENZ
Automobiles and Ocean Liners`
• HENRY FORD VIDEO
Henry Ford pioneered the ASSEMBLY LINE
1818 first STEAM SHIP / 1870 first OCEAN LINER
1903 Wright Brothers
: Wilbur and Orville Wright and the
Kitty Hawk (pg. 200)
First flight ever, this is real footage.
PART IV
ELECTRICITY
THE BIG 3!
GAME CHANGERS
• THOMAS EDISON: (p.199)
THE BIG 3!
GAME CHANGERS
• ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL:
THE BIG 3!
GAME CHANGERS
• GUGLIELMO MARCONI: (p.201)
Which invention is most important?
Problems in Factories
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Working hours (12-16)
Accidents
Pollution
Unclean Food
Abuse
THE END
1. Name ONE new ideas came about as a
result of the Industrial Revolution?
2. One good question about what we
learned today.
Industrial Revolution and Beyond
Factories
• First factories were powered by water (rivers)
• 1790 there were 150 water-powered cotton
spinning factories in Britain.
• Later steam engine was used
Lets talk about Cotton/Wool
Four Stages of Making Cloth
1. Cleaning-separating the seeds and debris
from the cotton fibers
2. Carding-fibers are disentangled and laid
straight (parallel)
3. Spinning-process of spinning short fibers
together to make thread or yarn
4. Weaving-interlacing the thread or yarn
together to make cloth
DAY 2: Intro Questions
• What was the Industrial Revolution?
Machines and new inventions
• Where did it happen first and why?
England: Location, rivers, capital, coal, technology
• What effects did it have on life in Great Britain?
It changed WHERE and HOW people lived
• What new ideas came about as a result of the Industrial
Revolution? That is what we will learn today!
Part III Steel