Transcript Chapter 3-Study Guide Review

Chapter 3
Computing in the
Modern World
Study Guide
The 0s and 1s used by computer
systems to manipulate data are
referred to as ___.
bits
Discs that use lasers to store data are called ____
discs.
a. optical
b. light-wave
c. visual
d. line-of-sight
e. burn-beam
a. optical
As a program is running,
frequently used data and
instructions can be stored for
faster access in ___ memory.
cache
___ audio is a method of
encoding audio data into a
format that can be processed by
a computer.
Waveform
To retrieve data from a storage medium or record data
on the medium, storage devices use ____ heads.
a. input/output.
b. send/receive
c. get/put
d. seek/store
e. read/write
e. read/write
The ___ number systems uses
just the digits 0 and 1.
binary
Online storage can be provided by a:
a. Web site.
b. diskette.
c. CD-ROM.
d. magnetic tape.
e. (All of the above can provide online storage.)
a. Web site.
In what way does a standard diskette drive differ from
a standard hard drive?
a. The user can remove the storage medium from a
diskette drive, but not from a hard drive.
b. Diskette drives record on a plastic surface; hard
drives record on a metallic surface.
c. Diskettes store megabytes of data; hard disks store
gigabytes.
d. Hard drives are sealed to keep them clean; diskette
drives are not.
e. (All of the above are differences.)
e. (All of the above are differences.)
One of the reasons for using removable-media devices
is to:
a. preserve data in a secure area.
b. transport data from one system to another.
c. increase the storage capacity of the system.
d. (All of the above.)
e. (None of the above.)
d. (All of the above.)
Most PCs come with a(n) ____ hard disk.
a. external
b. removable
c. Internal
d. CD-RW
e. optical
c. Internal
Most computer systems have
external ___ that enable users to
plug in peripheral devices.
ports
To shorten their download time,
audio files are often ___encoded.
MP3
The ___ format is a compression
system frequently used for
music.
MP3
A computer’s processor can
understand only instructions
written in ___ language.
machine
All devices in the system unit are
connected to the ___.
Motherboard/system board
The key element of the item in
Figure 3-7 is the ___--a device
made of semiconductor material
that acts like a switch controlling
the flow of electronics inside a
chip.
transistor
Memory that is erased when the
computer has no power is
described as ___.
volatile
___ memory is erased and
reprogrammed in blocks.
Flash
Within the computer, data and
instructions travel along paths
called ___.
buses
The ___ unit is the section of the
CPU that performs computations
on data.
arithmetic/logic (ALU)
Within the CPU, the addition of
two numbers takes place in the
___.
arithmetic/logic unit (ALU)
The ___ unit is the section of the
CPU that directs the flow of
electronic traffic to and from the
other sections.
control
If you use the Internet a great
deal for work or multimedia
purposes, consider switching
to cable, satellite, DSL, or other
type of ___ Internet service.
broadband
___ materials resist heat buildup
and can be used to pack a chip’s
circuitry closer together,
resulting in chips with faster
speeds.
Superconductive
The two physical parts of all secondary storage
systems are:
a. random and direct.
b. optical and magnetic.
c. internal and external.
d. the device and the medium.
e. read and write.
d. the device and the medium.
After decoding, instructions from
the decode unit go to the ___
for processing.
control unit
Storage that does not lose its contents when the
power is shut off is:
a. sequential.
b. direct.
c. nonvolatile.
d. volatile.
e. random.
c. nonvolatile.
Which of the following refers to a type of optical disc
that is fully erasable?
a. WORM
b. CD-ROM
c. Zip
d. CD-RW
e. HiFD
d. CD-RW
Pixel is short for ___.
picture element
One difference between CDs and DVDs is that:
a. DVDs have a much higher capacity than CDs.
b. CDs can be erased and rewritten but DVDs cannot.
c. DVDs can be read by most CD drives, but most DVD
drives cannot read CDs.
d. (All of the above are differences.)
e. (None of the above is one of the differences.)
a. DVDs have a much higher capacity than CDs.
Each ___ in a bitmap image is a
point that is assigned a specific
color.
pixel
Add-in boards are plugged into
the ___ located on the
motherboard.
expansion slots