Transcript MAC Processor for BASUMA

MAC Processor for BASUMA Wireless Body
Area Network
Z. Stamenković, D. Dietterle, G. Panić, W. Bocer, G. Schoof, and J.-P. Ebert
IHP
Im Technologiepark 25
15236 Frankfurt (Oder)
Germany
IHP Im Technologiepark 25 15236 Frankfurt (Oder) Germany
www.ihp-microelectronics.com
© 2007 - All rights reserved
Motivation
•
Up to date no stable operating BAN available
Enable exchange between sensors for intelligent reasoning
about patients state
•
Data rates > 1 Mbps at low power are challenging
Essential for small battery-powered devices
Hurry-up-and-sleep approach
•
Smart wireless medical sensors
Enable continuous health monitoring
•
Single chip solution (SOC)
Lowers power consumption, weight, and allows different
packaging
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Slide 2
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Body Area System for Medical Applications
…
…
Heart
Hearttransplantation
transplantation
Breast
Breastcancer
cancer
l
Apps
COPD
COPD
ECG
Sensor
SW
SpO2
Sensor
Lung
ROS
Sound Sensor
Monitor
Mobile
Phone
…
Middleware
Application
Framework
BASUMA
Application
Framework
Wireless Communication Protocols
IEEE 802.15.3
Embedded Operating System
Reflex OS
HW
Processor
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LEON2
Radio
Ultra Wideband (UWB)
Slide 3
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BASUMA
•
Body Area System for Ubiquitous Multimedia Applications
Generic wireless communication platform
Long-term health monitoring of chronically ill patients
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Slide 4
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BASUMA Communication Module
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Slide 5
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IEEE 802.15.3 MAC Protocol
•
IEEE 802.15.3 standard provides
Ad-hoc networking
Quality of service and security
Various power management modes
Physical layer data rates from 11 to 55 Mbit/s
•
Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol functionality
Data path
Cyclic redundancy check (CRC) sum calculation
Encryption and decryption of the frame payload
Interfacing with the physical layer and frame buffering
Control path
•
Profiling of the software using LEON-2 instruction set simulator
Time-critical protocol functions are iteratively removed from the
software model and put into a hardware component
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Slide 6
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MAC Protocol Model
Higher protocol layers
Data path
Control path
RequestHandling
PNC-specific
functions
Association
Scan
PiconetOperation
PNC-specific
functions
Sync.
TransportEngine
TxControl
RxControl
Digital baseband processing
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Slide 7
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Protocol Functions Designed in Hardware
•
In receive direction, to retrieve frame data from the physical layer byte by
byte, perform filtering and CRC check, and to store the data by means of
direct memory access
•
In transmit direction, to retrieve frame data from a memory location, calculate
and append the check sum, and to push the data to the physical layer
•
To signal a successful reception or transmission of a frame to the processor
by an interrupt
•
To analyze received and transmitted beacon frames and extract information
on channel time allocations
•
To manage a queue of frames and to select an appropriate frame for
transmission
•
At the start of a time slot or following a frame transmission, to query a new
frame from the queue and, in the case that the frame must be acknowledged,
wait for the acknowledgment frame
•
To perform the backoff procedure in the contention access period
•
To send an acknowledgment at the right time upon reception of a frame that
needs to be acknowledged
•
To calculate the actual duration of a frame transmission based on its payload
length and data rate
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Slide 8
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Architecture of MAC Protocol Accelerator
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Slide 9
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Flash Interface
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Slide 10
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System Architecture
BIST
UART 0
DSU+
UART
AHB
8 Reg. Windows
4 kByte
8
D- Cache
Memory
CTL
AHB
CTL
64 kByte
FLASH
BIST
SRAM
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UART 1
APB
IRQ
CTL
GPIO
16
16xxGPIO
LEON-2
Core
BASUMA
MAC
Bridge
Bridge
4 kByte
8
I- Cache
2x
Timer
Scan Test
FLASH
Slide 11
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Design Flow
Applications
System
System
Specification
Specification
Library Database
Library Database
New Modules
Configurable
Modules
New Modules
CustomisableRTL
Modules
(synthesisable
code)
(synthesisable RTL code)
Predefined
Predefined Modules
Modules
(RTL, standard
cells,
(synthesised
net-list,
SDF
synthesised
net-lists,
and/or
LEF) layouts)
HDL
TopModel
Module
Definition
HDL
Definition
no
no
Logic
Re-synthesis
Sufficient?
Simulation
Simulation OK?
OK?
yes
yes
Logic
Logic Synthesis
Synthesis
no
no
Layout
Re-synthesis
Sufficient?
Simulation
Simulation OK?
OK?
Test
TestBenches
Benches
yes
yes
Layout
LayoutGeneration
Synthesis
no
Simulation
Simulation OK?
OK?
yes
Final Chip
Layout
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Slide 12
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Implementation
•
Installation of the LEON-2 release
•
Adaptation of the configuration tool (to include IHP’s library)
•
VHDL coding of MAC protocol accelerator and flash interface
•
Implementation of data and instruction caches including BIST
•
Logic synthesis of the design
•
Implementation of scan chain
•
Generation and verification of the chip layout
•
Simulation (functional, post-synthesis and post-layout net-list)
•
Scan test vectors generation (ATPG)
•
BIST and scan test simulation
•
Adaptation of testbenches (SPARC CC installed)
•
EVCD test vectors generation (with and without timing data)
•
Test specification
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Slide 13
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Chip Features
Area (mm2)
31.9
Signal Ports
126
Power Ports
24
BIST Ports
12
Scan Ports
1(3)
Transistors (x106)
3.1
Scanable Flip-Flops (x103)
15
Cache Memories (kbytes)
9.5
Flash Memory (kbytes)
64
Power/Frequency (mW/MHz)
15
Maximum Frequency limited by Flash (MHz) 25
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Slide 14
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Summary
•
Hardware/software co-design and implementation of the processor
configured to support IEEE 802.15.3 MAC protocol of the Body Area
System for Ubiquitous Multimedia Applications (BASUMA)
•
Implemented SOC is a good candidate for the MAC processor of the
BASUMA communication module in respect of performance, speed,
and power
•
Next phase in development of the wireless body area network
technology at IHP
TANDEM project
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Slide 15
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