Transcript The Big Bang - Cobb Learning

The Big Bang
How our Solar System was
formed.
How big are you?
Now How Big?
And Now…?
Sun vs. Earth
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Sun=1 million Earths
If Earth was a golf
ball, Sun would be 15
ft in diameter
960, 000 golf balls
could fit in it, enough
to fill a school bus
Betelguese
Earth vs. Betelgeuse
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IF Earth a golf ball, it
would be 6 Empire
State buildings
Enough golf balls to
fill Superdome 3,000
times
Canis Majoris
Earth vs. Canis Majoris
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If Earth a golf ball=Mt.
Everest
Mt. Everest rises 6
miles above sea level
Fit 7 quadrillion
Earth’s into Canis
Majoris
Fill Texas with golf
balls 22 inches deep
What is a quadrillion?
1 million seconds ago=12 days ago
 1 billion seconds ago=May, 1975
 1 trillion seconds ago=29,700 B.C.
 1 quadrillion seconds ago=30, 800,000
years ago
 7 quadrillion Earth’s fit inside Canis
Majoris (Dog Star)

What is the Big Bang?
A Big explosion 20 billion years ago that
started the universe.
 In the first second gravity and other forces
are formed.
 In 3 minutes: 98% of the matter that will
ever be has been produced.
 300,000 years: electrons and protons
form atoms.

Big Bang Continued
After 1 billion years, gravity causes
Hydrogen and Helium to form.
 These elements form galaxies and stars.
 When these first stars die, they implode.
 This forms enough heat to make the
heavier elements.
 THERE WAS NO SPACE BEFORE THIS!

Clouds of gas and dust would form
spinning disk.
Our Solar System
Gas in the center becomes hot and dense
enough for nuclear fusion (burning
hydrogen into helium) to begin.
 This made the Sun.
 As it condensed, it spun faster, slinging
heavier elements and gas outward.
 Heavier elements cooled first, making
terrestrial planets.
 Next, gases cooled, forming Gas Giants

How do we know?
Edwin Hubble used the red shift of stars
called: Doppler Shift.
 Hubble’s Law: the farther something was
from Earth, the faster away it was moving.
 Let’s see how that would work.
 http://www.valdosta.edu/~cbarnbau/astro_
demos/frameset_moon.html
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Big Bang Balloon
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Procedure:
Blow up your balloon to about 4 inches in diameter, do
not tie end.
Take marker and make six dots, scatter them on balloon.
Label one home and the others A,B,C,D,E.
Measure and record how far away they are with the
string. Put measurements in the data table.
Blow up balloon another 2 inches (to 6”). Measure and
record the distances.
Repeat three more times.
Answer the questions on your lab sheet.
Analysis
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How did the distance from the home dot to each
of the other dots (galaxies) change each time
you inflated the balloon?
Did the galaxies near home or those farther
away appear to move the greatest distance?
How do you think that Hubble's Law: (the farther
something is from Earth, the faster it seemed to
be moving away), helped explain the Big Bang
Theory?