Transcript Spread of Islam

Islamic Architecture
Hannah Hollon
Alexa DeAntonio
Spread of Islam
• Evidence Islam spread:
– Arab architecture appeared
in Africa, India, China, and
Southeast Asia
– Mosques
• Came to these areas through
conquest; mainly trade
• Examples:
– Dome of the RockJerusalem
– Alhambra PalaceGranada, Spain
– Taj Mahal- India
– Hasan MosqueNorth Africa
Alhambra Palace
Dome of the Rock
Components of Architecture
• Umayyad dynasty = not
elaborate
• Abbasid dynasty = based on
size and character, designs,
minarets
• Arches:
– Transverse- replaced
columns to support aisles
(came from Rome to
Muslims)
– Horseshoe- used in doors
and windows (spread to
Africa and India)
• Courtyards- decorated gardens;
flowers; fountains
• Design- calligraphy, geometry,
and floral forms
• Decorative domes as roofs
Horseshoe Arch
Transverse Arch
Mosques
• Main way to see how
architecture spread through
Islam
• Architecture
– Started out simple – became
elaborate with decoration
and minarets
– Prayer halls- 5 times daily
– Courtyards- open to
worship Allah
– Domes and arches
– Minarets
– Arabic calligraphy to
decorate walls
Shaykh
Luft Allah
Mosque
• Purposes:
– Dedicated place for people
to worship
– Social center
– Gave supreme authority
over the people
Sultan Selim
Mosque at
Edirne
Minarets
• Towers of the mosques
• Added to mosques in early
8th century
• Muslims called to prayer
from them
•Over time, became
more decorative
•Colored ceramic tiles
and stones
•Geometric shapes
•Floral designs
•Passages from
Qur’an
*Tower of Jam, Dated 1194
*Minaret in Sarajevo, a city
with around eighty mosques
Ka’ba
• Most famous mosque
• Located in Mecca
• Hajj
– One of the five pillars
– Pilgrimage to holy city of Mecca to worship Allah at the
Ka’ba
Arches
• Arches
–Transverse
•replaced classic columns
•used to hold up aisles
•Muslims improved Roman’s form
•allowed lighter walls and buttresses
–Horseshoe:
•used in doors and windows
•used in India and North Africa
Bibliography
• Stearns
• http://www.islamicarchitecture.org/architecture/
minaret-types.htm
• http://www.ingojphotography.com
• http://www.flickr.com/photos
• http://muslimheritage.com/topics/default.cfm?Art
icleID=282
• http://www.sfusd.k12.ca.us