Transcript Blue Border
Week 16
World History
Day 1
What was the Great Schism?
What were 3 effects of the bubonic plague?
Which event do you think diminished the power
of the Church more-the Great Schism or the
bubonic plague? Explain w/ evidence your
answer
The Ottomans Build a Vast Empire
Many Turks live in Anatolia,view themselves as
ghazis—warriors who fight for Islam
Osman Establishes a State
1300 to 1326, Osman, successful ghazi, builds
state in Anatolia Europeans call him Othman and
followers Ottomans
Ottomans win battles because they use muskets
and cannons
Successors expand through alliances and land
salessman Establishes a State
Orkhan, Osman’s son, declares himself sultan—
overlord In 1361, Turks conquer Adrianople
Ottomans rule fairly over conquered peoples
Timur the Lame Halts Expansion
Timur the Lame—Tamerlane—rises to power in
Central Asia
Timur defeats Ottomans in 1402, burning Baghdad
Powerful Sultans Spur Dramatic Expansion
son, Mehmed II, conquers
Constantinople in 1453 Opens city to Jews,
Christians, and Muslims and rebuilds
Ottomans Take Islam’s Holy Cities
In 1512, Selim the Grim, Mehmed’s grandson,
comes to power defeats Persian Safavids and
pushes into North Africa
Conquers Mecca, Medina, and Cairo: important
Muslim cities
Suleyman the Lawgiver, Selim’s son, rules from
1520 to 1566
Suleyman conquers Belgrade (1521) and Rhodes
(1522) control eastern Mediterranean, North African
coastline, control inland trade routes
1526, Ottoman Empire is the largest in the world
Highly Structured Social Organization
Suleyman creates law code, reduces bureaucracy,
simplifies taxation
30,000 soldiers—janissaries—loyal to the sultan
Jews and Christians allowed to practice religion
Cultural Flowering
Suleyman’s broad interests lead to flourishing of
arts, learning
Mosque
of
Suleyman
Gradual Fall
Suleyman kills
one son and
exiles another
Third son
inherits throne but
rules weakly
Later sultans kill
their brothers and
leave their sons
uneducated
Long line of
weak sultans
leads to empire’s
eventual fall
Group
Ruler
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Success
Years
Day 2
Do you think that Suleyman's religious tolerance
helped or hurt the empire?
Where did the Ottoman empire extend too?
Why is Suleyman the lawgiver famous?
Cultural Blending in Persia
Between 16th and 18th centuries a Shi’ite Muslim
dynasty ruled Persia - Safavid Empire—
Causes of Cultural Blending
Changes from migration, conquest, trade, religion
Results in changes in language, religion, gov't,
technology, racial and ethnic blending, intermarriage
Cultural styles adapted into arts and architecture
Safavid Origins
Begins as religious order built powerful military
Fourteen-year-old Isma’il conquers Iran by 1451
Takes title of shah—king
Makes Shi’a Islam official religion; kills Sunnis
Son, Tahmasp, greatly expands empire
A Safavid Golden Age
Shah Abbas—Abbas the Great—takes throne
in 1587
Helps create a thriving Safavid culture
Reforms military and government; brings in
Christian trade
A New Capital
Esfahan—new capital—is one of world’s most
beautiful cities
Art Works
Chinese artisans blend Chinese and Persian
styles
Carpets
Carpet weaving becomes national industry
Shah Abbas
The Dynasty Declines Quickly
The Safavid Empire Weakens
Abbas kills and blinds his ablest sons
Safi, Abbas's incompetent grandson, leads to
empire’s decline
By 1722, the empire is losing land to the Ottomans
and Afghans
Nadir Shah Afshar expands the empire, but it falls
apart in 1747
Group
Write a 30-90 second radio script advertisement
for the Shah Abbas that will encourage people to
visit Esfhan.
Include: What makes Esfahan special.
Arts, Crafts, Architecture,
Cultural influences a visitor could recognize
Homework
Day 3
What are the 4 causes of cultural blending?
How did the location of the Safavid empire
contribute to the cultural blending in the empire?
Why might Isma'il have become so intolerant of
the Sunni Muslims?
Mongols, invade northwestern India
Muslims and Hindus fight for almost 300 years
1000, loose empire of Turkish warlords—Delhi
Sultanate—forms
Delhi Sultanate
Sultans rule from Delhi between 13th - 16th c.
Timur the Lame rises to power destroys Delhi in
1398
Babur Founds an Empire
Babur, king of small land in Central Asia at age 11
Is dethroned and driven south into India
Conquers much of N. India, formed Mughal
Empire
Son Humayun lost most of the conquered territory
Babur’s grandson succeeds Humayan
Babur's Grandson
Akbar—“Greatest One”— rules India from 1556
to 1605
Akbar uses cannons; names native Indians as
officers
Religious freedom and cuts tax on non-Muslims
llows all ppl a chance to serve in high gov't office
Hindu finance minister develops better tax plan;
income grows
Akbar gives land to his officials, then reclaims it
when they die
Many cultures blend, mixing art, education,
politics, and language
New languages like Hindi and Urdu emerge
Akbar’s Successors
Akbar’s son, Jahangir, allows wife Nur Jahan to
run government appoints her father prime minister
Nur Jahan favors son Khusrau over other sons
Khusrau rebels, supported by Sikhs, nonviolent
religious group, Sikhs become targets of Mughal
hatred
Shah Jahan—Jahangir’s son and successor,
marries Persian princess
Assassinates all competitors for throne
Wife dies while giving birth to 14th child in 1631
Taj Mahal—huge marble tomb Shah Jahan builds
for his wife one of the most beautiful buildings in the
world
The People Suffer
People suffer paying for wars and monuments
Shah Jahan’s third son—Aurangzeb—imprisons
father and takes over
Rules 1658 - 1707; expands empire to its largest
Strictly enforces Islamic law & attempts to kill Hindus
Hindus rebel and Sikhs become militant Levies
oppressive taxes on Hindus, causing more rebellion
Over 2 million people die of famine while Aurangzeb
wages war
Emperor becomes a figurehead; empire breaks into
separate states
Meanwhile, traders arrive from England, Holland,
France, Portugal European traders gain key ports
Group
Find 3 idioms on page 518
Explain their meaning
Share an example of an idiom not from the text
Define Idiom
Homework