Transcript Spread of Islam Powerpoint

Islam and the
Early Caliphates
The Arabian Peninsula Pre-Islam
• mostly nomadic tribes (Bedouins)
• Tribes often fought
• Worshipped a large variety of gods
• Took pride in oral traditions/group
loyalty
• TRADERS (Muhammad was a
merchant)
Abraham’s Genealogy
HAGAR
ABRAHAM
Ishmael
12 Arabian
Tribes
SARAH
Isaac
Jacob
12 Tribes of
Israel
Esau
The Prophetic
Tradition
Adam
Noah
Abraham
Moses
Jesus
Muhammad
Mecca
• Major trading/religious city
• Importance of the Kaaba
• located between Byzantine and
Sassanid Empire
The Messenger
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•
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Muhammad (570-632 C.E.)
Retreats and revelations
Famous text: Quran
Rejection of the Kaaba’s gods
Growing movement towards
Allah/Yahweh as deity #1!
• Followers were kicked out of town
(the Hijra)
Quran
• Holy book of Islam
• Called for a creation of a new
society (Umma) based on justice
The Five Pillars of Islam
1. The Shahada
The
declaration of faith:
There is no god except God,
and Muhammad is His
Messenger.
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2. The Salat

Prayers performed 5 times a day:
* dawn
* noon
* late afternoon
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* sunset
* before going to bed

Wash before praying.

Face Mecca and use a prayer rug.
2. The Salat (continued)
 The call to prayer by the
muezzin in the minaret.

Pray in the mosque on Friday.
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3. The Zakat
 Almsgiving (charitable
donations).

About 2.5% of your wealth.
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4. The Sawm
 Fasting during the holy month
of Ramadan.

No eating or drinking from
sunrise to sunset during
Ramadan.
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5. The Hajj
 The pilgrimage to Mecca.

Must be done at least once in a
Muslim’s lifetime.

2-3 million Muslims make the
pilgrimage
every
year.
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Pilgrims On
The Road to
And Camped
Outside of Mecca
P
i
l
Muslims in the World
Today
Countries with the Largest
Muslim Population
1. Indonesia
230,000,000
6. Iran
62,000,000
2. Pakistan
134,000,000
7. Egypt
59,000,000
3. India
121,000,000
8. Nigeria
53,000,000
4. Bangladesh
114,000,000
9. Algeria
31,000,000
10. Morocco
29,000,000
5. Turkey
66,000,000
* Arabs make up only 20% of the total
Muslim population of the world.
In What region of the world do the
largest number of Muslims live?
a. Europe
b. North Africa
c. The Middle East
d. South and Southeast Asia
e. Sub-Saharan Africa
The Spread of Islam

Easy to learn and practice.

No priesthood.

Teaches equality.

Follow one law; The Sharia

Non-Muslims allowed religious
freedom, but paid additional taxes.

Easily “portable”  nomads & trade
routes.
The Weakness of nearby empires
(Byzantine & Persian) allowed conquest

The Dar al-Islam:
The Unity found across Muslim areas supported by
common practice
The World
of Islam
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Arab Empire: Early Years
Muhammad’s death caused
division – who should lead?

Abu
Bakr elected (632-634)
Goal of conquest brings the
umma together

Motives for Conquest

United

Distraction from internal fighting

Promised a share of the booty

AVOIDED mass conversions
so they wouldn’t have to share
their booty

so they could tax subjects at
higher rates

Chart Time!
• Instructions: Make a Venn Diagram
with 3 circles with at least three
examples of how Islam spread by
way of social, religious, and military
factors (at least one of each).