Transcript ISLAM
ISLAM EQ: What are some key beliefs of Islam? History Originated in Arabia in 622CE Muhammad, born in Mecca in 570CE spreads the message of Islam 622CE: Muhammad & his followers leave Mecca & make their hijra Life of Muhammad (570632CE) An Arab born in Mecca (a city in today’s Saudi Arabia) A merchant, married, had children Didn’t like Arabs worshipping idols The angel, Gabriel, commands Muhammad to spread the message of Islam (he becomes God’s greatest prophet) Hijra/Hegira hijra = the journey from Mecca to Medina (aka Yathrib) Muhammad had to make this journey because Meccan merchants wanted to kill him Muslim converts in Medina welcomed Muhammad The religions grows because of this Hijra Muslim Beliefs Followers of Islam are called Muslims FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM – 5 basic duties 1. Belief in one compassionate & allpowerful God, Allah 2. Pray 5 times a day 3. Give $$$ to the poor 4. Fast from dawn to dusk during the holy month of Ramadan 5. Make a pilgrimage to Mecca Facts About Islam • Sacred text = Quran (Koran) – Islam’s sacred scriptures – Guide to life for Muslims – Final authority on any topic or situation Sharia = body of laws – developed by Muslim scholars – These laws cover all aspects of life – Able to unite Muslims of various backgrounds Spread of Islam Caliph = successors to Muhammad The 1st caliph is Abu Bakr, who succeeds Muhammad in 632CE Muslims are ruled by caliphs from 632 into the 900s - this period is called the “caliphate” Muslim world expands during the caliphate – Mid-East – Spain – S.E. Asia -N. Africa -Sicily -India Spread of Islam: How/Why? Over 3 continents: Military conquests, skilled fighters Build trading empires – Trade considered an honorable occupation Treat conquered peoples fairly – Many of those conquered convert to Islam – Islam appeals because it focuses on honesty, social justice, and generosity Describe a major belief of each of the following belief systems. Hinduism Buddhism Judaism Christianity Islam Confucianism Taoism 5 Pillars Fold your paper into 5 sections Put the 5 pillars in order – one in each section List the pillar & draw an example of the pillar http://news.nationalgeographic.com/n ews/2002/09/0910_muslimkids.html http://news.nationalgeographic.com/n ews/2003/10/photogalleries/InsideMec ca/index.html