Transcript Memory
The encoding, storage and
retrieval of information.
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval
Sensory
Short Term
Long Term
•Shortest in duration
•2-3 seconds
•visual, auditory, taste, smell
•also known as Working Memory
•duration about 18-20 seconds
•limited capacity
• 7 plus or minus 2 units of
information
•Duration-relatively permanent
•Capacity-unlimited
•Visual Memory- about 1 second
•Auditory Memory-longer than visual
•Attention-unusual, sudden, dramatic
•Recognition-experienced before, relevant
•Iconic-pictures, images
•Acoustic-sounds
•Semantic-meaning
•*if I say the word ELEPHANT do you see
the word or an image of an elephant?
•Can convert STM to LTM
•Rehearsal-repeating to remember
•Elaboration-adding meaning or
•connecting to something else
Chunking:
Breaking up a large piece of information in
to smaller bits to make it easier to
remember:
•Phone numbers
•Social Security Number
Methods by which a person can train themselves to remember
large amounts of information. Most involve a form of
elaboration or attaching meaning to the information.
Examples:
The names of the Great Lakes HOMES
Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, Superior
Order of color coding on electronic resistors:
Bad Beer Rots Our Young Guts But Vodka Goes Well (in) Silver
Goblets.
(Black, Blue, Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Brown, Violet, Gray,
White, Silver, Gold)
Explicit or Declarative Memory
You can explain something in words easily.
“How you solve for the area of a square.”
Implicit or Procedural Memory
You remember it but it is hard to describe.
Difficult to put into words. “How you do a
lay-up in Basket Ball.”
•
•Acoustic
sentences, sounds, songs.
•Visual
images. Cognitive maps
•Semantic
facts, concepts, principals
•Episodic
memories of events
Recall: Searching for information
Recognition: Knowing that you
have encountered something
before. Fastest form of memory
retrieval
Decay: Lack of retrieval overtime,
memory may fade.
Interference: Old information is
replaced by new information.
Temporary of permanent inability to remember.
Causes:
Physiological-injury
Substance Abuse-Alcohol, THC
Psychogenic-trauma, emotional shock
Types of Amnesia
Retro-grade- Can’t form new memories.
Anterograde-Can’t access old memories