Transcript Energy from below - SSHSPhyscialGeography11

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In the 1800’s there was considerable scientific and popular
interest in what was in the interior of the Earth. The details of the
internal structure (crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core; and
their composition and thicknesses; Figure 1) had not yet been
discovered. And, although volcanic eruptions demonstrated
that at least part of the interior of the Earth was hot enough to
melt rocks, temperatures within the Earth and the existence of
radioactivity were unknown. Jules Verne’s book, A Journey to
the Center of the Earth (1864, 272 pages; originally published in
France as Voyage au Centre de la Terre), capitalized on this
interest in the Earth and in adventure with an exciting science
fiction story that is still popular today. Verne introduces us to a
dedicated, and somewhat eccentric professor, and his nephew
through whom the story is told (see selected quotations below),
who eventually travel into the Earth’s deep interior by entering
into an opening in the crater of a volcano in Iceland.
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Verne’s novel is science fiction. We know today that
such a journey would be impossible. The
temperature and pressure conditions within the Earth
are so extreme that humans could not survive below
a few kilometers depth within the 6371 km radius
Earth. Furthermore, we know of no significant
openings that would provide access to the deep
interior of the planet, and caves or cavities at great
depth are nearly impossible based on our knowledge
of temperature and pressure within the Earth and the
properties of Earth materials. However, Verne’s story
is an interesting one and it is the inspiration (along
with the desire to provide materials for learning about
the Earth’s interior) for this Earth science educational
activity.
Volcanic Rock
Sandstone
Glacier Sediments
Limestone
Ocean Surface
Metamorphic Rock
Igneous Rock
MICROBES
GOLD
AFRICA
Gas
Oil
MAGNESIUM
IRON
GRANITIC
ROCK
OLIVINE RICH ROCK
CRYSTAL
SILICATE ROCK
IRON AND NICKEL